Vrednovanje u školi ; Evaluation in School
Vrednovanje ima svoju povijesnu i društvenu utemeljenost i uvjetovanost. Autori smatraju da kao sastavnica kurikulumskog procesa, relativno novog pristupa unutarnjem preustroju odgojno-obrazovnih i školskih sustava, zauzima ključno mjesto kao završna a ujedno i polazišna točka odgojno obrazovnog procesa. Ta je sastavnica bila zapostavljena sa stručnog i znanstvenoistraživačkog aspekta, mada je jedna od senzibilnijih etapa u tom procesu. Ista se u radu razmatra kao relevantna sastavnica nastavnikova habitusa. Iz toga proistječe nužnost osposobljavanja nastavnika za vrednovanje tijekom njegova inicijalnog obrazovanja, razvoj ove kompetencije u obrazovanju učitelja tijekom rada te poglavito u cjeloživotnom obrazovanju nastavnika.Ocjena kao rezultat vrednovanja, može djelovati višeslojno na pojedince ili skupinu: katalitički limitirajuće i inhibitorno. Time se determinira socijalna klima i odnosi između ekstrema autokratičnosti i demokratičnosti, odnosno alijenacije i dezalijenacije subjekata u nastavi. Istraživanja pokazuju da učenici, a posebno studenti, imaju razvijene sposobnosti za vrednovanje, ali nedovoljno participiraju u tom dijelu nastavnog procesa, što ih zadržava u tradicionalnoj poziciji – objekta.Kako se u postupku vrednovanja učenika generiraju konflikti, to je ovom problemu potrebno posvetiti posebnu pažnju. ; Evaluation has its own historical and social foundation and determination. Authors considerthat as an integral element in process of curriculum in this relatively new approach to innerreconstruction in educational and school systems, it takes an important place as a finishing andstarting point in educational process. This component was neglected from aspect of profession aswell as scientific studies, although it is one of the more sensible stages in that process.In this work ditto is considered as a relevant component of teacher's habitus. From this stems thenecessity for training teachers in evaluation during their initial education, as well as developmentof this competence during their work as teachers, and mainly in their lifelong/permanenteducation.Mark, as a result of evaluation, can act in layers on individuals or on a group: catalyticicallylimitating or inhibitating. With it social climate and relations between autocratic and democraticextremes are determined, such as alienation and desalination of the subjects of education.Researches show, that pupils, and especially the students, have developed abilities for evaluation,but are insufficiently participating in that part of educational process thus maintaining thetraditional position of an object.As conflicts are generated in process of assessment of pupils this problem needs specialattention