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Literaturverz. S. [182] - 203

Hausarbeit, Putzen und die Versorgung von Kindern, Alten, Kranken sind jene Tätigkeiten, die von berufstätigen Frauen und Männern der Mittelschicht in Europa immer häufiger an (illegale) Migrantinnen delegiert werden. Diese nehmen schlechte Arbeitsbedingungen, fehlende Sozialversicherung, gesellschaftliche Missachtung in Kauf, um bei unsicherem Aufenthaltsstatus ihre Existenz sichern zu können. Was M. Moreno (BA 1/06) als eigenes Erleben einer Illegalen in Deutschland schildert, wird hier einer kritischen sozialwissenschaftlichen Analyse anhand empirischer Untersuchungen in 5 europäischen Großstädten unterzogen. Die Autorin diagnostiziert eine sexistische und rassistische Arbeitsteilung im Rahmen der kapitalistischen Arbeitswelt, die sich an der Stellung der "Hausarbeiterin" ablesen lässt, und setzt sich auch mit feministischen Ansätzen auseinander. Eine sehr detaillierte, kapitalismuskritische Analyse für große Fachbestände. (3)

Der Capability-Ansatz/die Capability-Theorie (CA/T) erhebt den normativen Anspruch, dass die Freiheit, Wohlbefinden zu erreichen, von primärer moralischer Bedeutung ist. Er hat in seinem ursprünglichen Anwendungsbereich, den Development Studies, bedeutende Beiträge geleistet und wurde auch in anderen Bereichen als Rahmen für die Bewertung der Beziehung zwischen Wohlbefinden und sozioökonomischen Kontexten verwendet, um politische Maßnahmen für den sozialen Wandel zu untermauern. Die Abkehr des CA/T von einer ausschließlichen Fokussierung auf Ressourcen (Umverteilung) offenbart, wie die Beziehung zwischen den Elementen Partizipation und Freiheit bei der Erreichung von Wohlbefinden strittig wird. In diesem Beitrag wird anhand von zwei Beispielen aus der empirischen Forschung, die mit behinderten bzw. pflegebedürftigen Menschen, ihren persönlichen Assistenten und Pflegekräften durchgeführt wurde, untersucht, wie die Aufmerksamkeit für Teilhabe, Beziehung und Zugehörigkeit CA/T weiterentwickeln kann. ; The Capability Approach/Capability Theory (CA/T) makes the normative claim that freedom to achieve well-being is of primarymoral importance. It has made significant contributions in its original field of Development Studies and has also been used in other fields as a framework to assess the relation between well-being and socio-economic contexts, to inform policies for social change. CA/T's move from a focus only on resources (redistribution) reveals how the relation between the elements of participation and freedom in the achievement of well-being becomes contested. This paper will use two examples from empirical research conducted with disabled people, their personal assistants and care workers to explore how attention to participation, connection, and affiliation can further develop CA/T.

In this paper I consider how the construction of migration as a problem poses both ethical and epistemological challenges to migration scholars and how this is related to both political and methodological nationalism. I briefly outline two paradigm shifts that have been highly generative in our field and beyond – methodological transnationalism and the mobilities turn, both of which have as their starting point a critique of the nation state as a container of social processes. Building on these critiques and alternatives to methodological nationalism I go on to propose an approach I'm calling 'methodological denationalism' which takes as its starting point the migrant/citizen distinction. Key to this approach is to 'migrantize' the citizen, and I go on to give some examples of how this is done, not only to citizens of colour, but also to those who support non-citizens or who are the partners of non-citizens. Finally, I suggest that migrantizing the citizen enables us not only to look at the ways in which immigration controls affect citizens, but also how we might begin to make connections between the formal exclusions of noncitizenship and the multiple, and sometimes informal exclusions within citizenship.

In this paper I consider how the construction of migration as a problem poses both ethical and epistemological challenges to migration scholars and how this is related to political and methodological nationalism. I briefly outline two paradigm shifts that have been highly generative in our field and beyond – methodological transnationalism and the mobilities turn, both of which have as their starting point a critique of the nation state as a container of social processes. Building on these critiques and alternatives to methodological nationalism I go on to propose an approach I'm calling 'methodological denationalism' which takes as its starting point the migrant/citizen distinction. Key to this approach is to 'migrantize' the citizen, and I go on to give some examples of how this is done, not only to citizens of colour, but also to those who support non-citizens or who are the partners of non-citizens. Finally, I suggest that migrantizing the citizen enables us not only to look at the ways in which immigration controls affect citizens, but also how we might begin to make connections between the formal exclusions of noncitizenship and the multiple, and sometimes informal exclusions within citizenship.

This paper reconsiders Stephen Castle's classic paper Why Migration Policies Fail. Beginning with the so-called migration crisis of 2015 it considers the role of numbers is assessing success or failure. It argues that in the UK public debates about immigration changed with European Union (EU) Enlargement in 2004, when the emphasis shifted from concerns about asylum to concerns about EU mobility. Concerns were exacerbated by the government's failure to meet its promise to reduce net migration. This policy is hampered by the general problem of definition of "migrant" and the gap between statistical measures and popular usage in which "migration" signifies problematic mobility. In fact, concern about migration has become a placeholder for concerns about globalization and democratic accountability. A new politics of migration must make connections between migrants and citizens, but also between migration and other global processes, particularly outsourcing and the exploitation of labour and resources in the global south.