Suchergebnisse

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgements -- 1 'PROUD, DISOBEDIENT AND ILL-TEMPERED' -- 2 'THE BLOOD OF MARTYRS IS THE SEED OF CHRISTIANS' -- 3 'THAT THEY MAY ALSO ACQUIRE A FRENCH HEART AND SPIRIT' -- 4 'THE MALE IS MORE FITTED TO RULE THAN THE FEMALE' -- 5 'THIS LITTLE FURY OF HELL' -- 6 'WOMEN SUSTAIN THE FAMILIES' -- 7 'AMONG THESE TRIBES ARE FOUND POWERFUL WOMEN OF EXTRAORDINARY STATURE' -- 8 'DEATH OVER A SLOW FIRE' -- 9 'CHAIN HER BY ONE FOOT' -- 10 CONCLUSIONS -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index

Cover -- Contents -- List of Figures and Tables -- Acknowledgements -- Abbreviations -- 1 Introduction -- The literature on EU social policy -- Central arguments -- Plan of the book -- 2 Explaining Social Policy-making in the EU -- Why social policy is different from other policies -- European integration and the welfare state -- Theoretical perspectives on European integration -- Social policy-making in a multilevel system -- Social policy and EU legitimacy -- Towards a synthesis -- 3 Social Policy and Multilevel Governance -- The development of social policy in the EU -- The Lisbon and Europe 2020 growth strategies -- Economic crisis and the EU's social dimension -- Conclusion -- 4 Social Security and Pensions -- What is social insurance? -- Free movement and the coordination of social security -- The internal market and occupational pensions -- Soft law and the modernization of pensions -- The sovereign debt crisis and pension reform -- Conclusion -- 5 Employment Policy -- The European Employment Strategy -- A judicial revolution in labour law? -- Reconciliation of work and family -- Conclusion -- 6 Vocational Training and Higher Education -- Varieties of skill formation -- Early development of the EU's VET policy -- Towards a more integrated approach -- Long-term policy coordination: the Lisbon and Europe 2020 growth strategies -- Intergovernmental initiatives: the Bologna Process and the European Qualifications Framework -- The Copenhagen Process and the EQF -- Conclusion -- 7 Health Policy -- Conceptualizing health care -- The internal market and health care -- Public health policy -- Occupational health and safety -- Conclusion -- 8 Poverty and Social Inclusion -- Conceptual foundations -- Social exclusion on the EU policy agenda -- The Lisbon Strategy and social inclusion -- Evaluation the EU's social exclusion policies -- Conclusion.

The desegregation crisis in Little Rock is a landmark of American history: on September 4, 1957, after the Supreme Court struck down racial segregation in public schools, Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus called up the National Guard to surround Little Rock Central High School, preventing black students from going in. On September 25, 1957, nine black students, escorted by federal troops, gained entrance. With grace and depth, Little Rock provides fresh perspectives on the individuals, especially the activists and policymakers, involved in these dramatic events. Looking at a wide variety of evid

The desegregation crisis in Little Rock is a landmark of American history: on September 4, 1957, after the Supreme Court struck down racial segregation in public schools, Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus called up the National Guard to surround Little Rock Central High School, preventing black students from going in. On September 25, 1957, nine black students, escorted by federal troops, gained entrance. With grace and depth, Little Rock provides fresh perspectives on the individuals, especially the activists and policymakers, involved in these dramatic events. Looking at a wide variety of evidence and sources, Karen Anderson examines American racial politics in relation to changes in youth culture, sexuality, gender relations, and economics, and she locates the conflicts of Little Rock within the larger political and historical context. --From publisher's description.

The text examines the roles of Indian, Mexican-American and African-American women during the 20th century. It focuses on the changes brought about in the lives of those in each group and then compares them. The book is intended for scholars and students of gender and ethnic studies and US history

Legislation is important to recordkeeping strategies and requirements, since it determines which records are needed for legally legitimate actions. Yet the concepts of a document, a record, a case, a transaction, etc., are frequently defined differently in various laws even within national boundaries and are urgently in need of harmonization to minimize complications and barriers to e-business transactions. Every country has its own legislation system which has been adjusted over time in correlation to national context and its surrounding society (Duranti, 1989-1990, p. 5). Duranti and Goh (2012) provided sound arguments as to why it is important to ensure national archival legislation keeps pace with our digitally networked society with its increasingly blurred borders. In addition to their own national law, members of the European Union (EU) are obliged to follow EU-legislation requirements. There are three types of EU legislation: regulations, directives and decisions. A regulation is applicable in all EU countries. Directives are general rules. A decision is a stipulation of issues of concern for specifically mentioned persons or organizations (European Commission, 2013). Recommendations and statements are not binding, but may, for example, be used by the EU as support in interpretation of EU-legislation (Sveriges Riksdag, 2013). Hence, within public organizations, there is a close relation between records, recordkeeping processes, legislation and accountability. Yet research in Sweden has shown that 24/7 e-service web-interfaces serving e-government strategies and ambitions are sometimes developed without consulting recordkeeping professionals, in ignorance of legal requirements for capture of records and that preservation issues are rarely considered when acquiring new digital systems (Kallberg, Svärd and Sundberg, 2010). Several other European studies also identify a lack of recordkeeping awareness within public organizations (Barata, 2004; Valtonen, 2007; Shepherd, Stevenson, & Flinn, 2009; Riksarkivet, 2010). However, there is currently a strong European political ambition to implement eGovernment services, which aims to promote cross-border business development. On the other hand, this challenges archival thinking to meet business, technological and legal requirements stipulated for each country. Varying legal definitions used can cause major problems for transactions both within a country and across national borders, even in something as seemingly simple as exchanging e-invoices. This paper will discuss an approach to identifying a way forward for harmonizing legislation that contains recordkeeping requirements across the EU. Identifying the range of / types of laws within countries and EU that define a record Using the ICA multilingual terminology database, to check and add to definitions already found there Checking against definitions found in international standards. Research towards harmonizing these crucial definitions will be very challenging, given linguistic and cultural differences but the ICA multilingual terminology database is a potential vehicle for checking existing usage, adding to the definitions and quotations from legalislation and the literature already found there and adding new terms. The foundation version of the ICA-funded Terminology Database, developed as an ICA Section for Archival Educators' project led and hosted by the University of British Columbia, contains definitions with examples of usage for an initial 300 archival terms across 16 languages. It is planned for public release in the first half of 2013. References Barata, K. (2004). Archives in the Digital Age. Journal of the Society of Archivists, 25(1), 63-70. Duranti, L. (1989-1990). Diplomatics: New Uses for an Old Science (Part II). Archivaria, 29, 4-17. European Commission (2013). Legislation Retrieved 5 February, 2013, from http://ec.europa.eu/legislation/index_en.htm Goh, E., Duranti, L. and Chu, S. (2012). Archival legislation for engendering trust in an increasingly networked digital environment. Paper presented at A climate of change: International Council on Archives Congress, Brisbane, 20-24 August, 2012. Retrieved 3 March 2013 from: http://www.ica2012.com/files/data/Full%20papers%20upload/ica12Final00287.pdf Kallberg, M. , Svärd, P. & Sundberg, H. (2010). Improving Local Government - A Survey of Problems. Proceedings of the IADIS International Conference e-Society 2010. pp. 76-84. Riksarkivet (2010). Rapport rörande enkätundersökning - myndigheters hantering av elektroniska handlingar. Stockholm: Riksarkivet. Shepherd, E., Stevenson, A., & Flinn, A. (2009). The Impact of Freedom of Information on Records Management and Record Use in Local Government: A Literature Review. Journal of the Society of Archivists, 30(2, October ), 227-248. Sveriges Riksdag (2013). EU-upplysningen Retrieved 6 February, 2013, from http://www.eu-upplysningen.se/Om-EU/Om-EUs-lagar-och-beslutsfattande/EU-rattsliga-principer/ Valtonen, M. R. (2007). Documentation in pre-trial investigation, A study of using the records continuum model as a records management tool. Records Management Journal, 17(3), 179-185.

An implementation program for organisation-wide recordkeeping systems in two Swedish local governments is being informed by a research-based approach in cooperation with Mid Sweden University. The Sundsvall and Härnösand municipalities will provide the platform for the Research Centre's major project for 2009-2011, which brings together experience in researching recordkeeping issues in small and medium enterprises as well as expertise in enterprise information architecture and content management. The last two provide an umbrella for document, records and archives management, web content management and business process management. The aim of this enterprise information management strategy is to promote support by decision-makers for a whole of organisation approach to sound records and information management. The overall aim of the research program is to develop models and implementation methods that will support standards-compliant, efficient and long-term digital information management in both public and private organisations. Reproduced with permission of RIM Professionals Australasia, article first appeared in IQ magazine Vol 26 Issue 2, 2010

An implementation programme for organisation-wide recordkeeping systems in two Swedish local governments is being informed by a research-based approach in cooperation with Mid Sweden University. In the previous issue of iQ, (May, 2010), the author set out the parameters for the research. In this concluding part of the article, outcomes are discussed. Reproduced with permission of RIM Professionals Australasia, article first appeared in IQ magazine Vol 26 Issue 3, 2010 ; Funded by EU Mål 2 ; CEDIF: www.miun.se/cedif

Les indiens Hurons et Montagnais‐Naskapi qui ont vécu en Nouvelle France au 17e siècle, représentent un cas très intéressant pour 1'étude des mécanismes qui déterminent la construction et la mise en oeuvre de définitions de la Femme. Pendant la première moitié du 17e siècle, ces indiens ont subi une conversion par les missionaires jésuites. L'intention de ces jésuites était de transformer les membres de ces sociétés traditionnelles en bons catholiques francisés. Cette transformation impliquait une redéfinition des images de la Femme, de L'Homme et de leurs relations. Cet article examine ces images qui se trouvent dans les rapports annuels que chaque supérieur de mission envoyait en France et à Rome. Il recherche également L'origine de ces images dans la doctrine catholique. Il s'intéresse enfin, aux fondements de pouvoir, qui ont permis aux jésuites de parvenir ensuite, à la réalisation de ces nouvelles images de la Femme, de L'Homme et de leurs rapports dans ces deux sociétés Huron et Montagnais‐Naskapi.The 17th century Huron and Montagnais‐Naskapi Indians of New France provide an interesting case study of the mechanisms involved in the construction and implementation of definitions of women. During the early to mid‐17th century both the Huron and the Montagnais‐Naskapi were proselytized by Jesuit missionaries. It was the Jesuits' intent to transform both these groups into loyal, Catholic, Frenchified citizens. That transformation required a redefinition of the nature of women, men and their interrelations. This paper examines the images of Huron and Montagnais‐Naskapi women found in the Jesuit Relations, the annual reports sent to France and Rome by the Superior of the mission in New France. It looks at the origins of those images in French Catholic doctrine and traces the dynamics of power that ultimately enabled the Jesuits to successfully implement those images in Montagnais‐Naskapi and Huron societies.