Suchergebnisse

В статье анализируются метафоры, связанные с телесным опытом человека и используемые для формирования представлений о политической власти в разных культурах. Ориентация пространстве, чувственные ощущения, манипуляция объектами и движение все это телесный опыт известный как слушателю, так и говорящему в любой культуре. Основываясь на анализе метафор из английского, русского, арабского, китайского и других языков, автор рассматривает межкультурное подобие метафор власти в контексте проблем демократизации, отношений власти и общества, межкультурных конфликтов.

The battle of Tanga, lasting from 2 to 5 November 1914, between the British and Germans was the opening clash in a relatively little-known campaign that was to last over four years. It was conceived as part of a wider plan to ensure British maritime superiority in the Indian Ocean as well as depriving the Germans of their system of overseas wireless transmission stations. However, through a lack of considered analysis and departmental ambitions, it evolved into an ill-thought-out attempt to seize the whole of German East Africa with two brigades of the Indian army. The landings at Tanga were compromised by the need to renounce a local truce, followed by the dilatory disembarkation of the fighting troops. A rapid attempt to take the town was bloodily repulsed by the German defenders and a second, more deliberate attack was similarly defeated. Fearing a greater catastrophe, the British force withdrew to British East Africa and assumed a defensive posture. The affair highlighted a number of weaknesses and defects in British training and operational readiness for modern war.

BY COVERING THE "HORSE RACE" INSTEAD OF THE ISSUES, THE MEDIA ENCOURAGES PEOPLE TO BELIEVE THAT POLITICIANS PLACE SELF-INTEREST ABOVE THE PUBLIC INTEREST. THE MEDIA ALSO AFFECTS WHICH ISSUES PEOPLE CONSIDER IMPORTANT, AND NEGATIVE ADVERTISEMENTS DISCOURAGE POLITICAL PARTICIPATION. PEOPLE LEARN FROM THE MEDIA ONLY BECAUSE THEY KNOW SO LITTLE ABOUT POLITICS. THE EVIDENCE FOR MEDIA EFFECTS IS STRONG, BUT THE MEDIA CANNOT BE UNDERMINING A FORM OF DEMOCRACY THAT DOES NOT AND CANNOT EXIST, AND THEY DO SUSTAIN THE FORM THAT DOES.

AbstractUS military sources document more than 1800 conflicts of varying intensity between the United States and tribes from 1830 to 1897. Negative binomial and Tobit regressions both show that hostilities follow political and economic cycles. Politically, conflicts increased in recessionary election years, however, conflicts in non‐election recessionary years lack significant changes. The second major trend is the influence of three economic factors. After western states began to mine gold conflicts drastically increased. Conflicts likewise increased with the expansion of the railroad and with buffalo extinctions at the state level. While nineteenth century Americans had perpetual anti‐Indigenous sentiment, tribal persecution followed political and economic rationales.

Inquisitors engaged in mass censorship across the Iberian and Italian peninsulas; however, the effect it had on scholarship is debated. To test the effect of inquisitorial control a database of more than 2,000 top-tier mathematicians, scientists, authors, artists, and composers was created for 16 European countries from 1000 to 1749. Italy and Iberia had large declines of high-level scholars shortly after the establishment of the inquisitions. In contrast, other countries—both Protestant and Catholic—had increases in top-level scholars. Even though other countries had book burnings, religious persecution, and intolerance, the presence of an institution that became intolerant and oppressive significantly impacted the location of scientists and other top achievers throughout the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.