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AbstractThe article focuses on the coping strategies of three categories of people usually considered to be at risk of becoming socially excluded — single mothers with minor children, long‐term unemployed males and foreign immigrants — in the northern Italian city of Milan. The concept of social exclusion, often used as an alternative to the concept of poverty, occasionally as its synonym, is here intended as multidimensional, dynamic and, most of all, relational. The article shows how this concept can be useful in analysing the condition of the three categories of people and how their condition is strongly related to the constraints and resources offered by the local context. Through the empirical material gathered from in‐depth interviews with the three above‐mentioned categories of people, the article first shows how these people profit from the labour market and the social services available in the city. It then analyses the role of social networks and the mechanisms behind the mobilization of people in support of the interviewees. Finally, it deals with the subjective dimension, that is, it examines whether, and to what extent, interviewees express feelings of uselessness. A visualization of the strategies will also be proposed. The empirical material will help to understand whether these people are socially excluded or not, and in which sense.

L'articolo ha indagato le tendenze della partecipazione e dell'occupazione femminili in Italia negli anni della crisi a partire dalla costruzione (esplorativa) di diversi profili di donne, ancorati ai comportamenti sul mercato del lavoro. Si sono individuati cinque profili, si č analizzata la loro distribuzione e composizione interna nelle due macro aree del paese. Si č quindi analizzato se e come la crisi ha modificato la distribuzione e composizione di tali profili e la variazione intercorsa nel triennio. L'analisi ha evidenziato che i profili assumono caratteristiche molto diverse, in alcuni casi quasi opposte, nei due contesti territoriali e che la crisi ha colpito in particolar modo i profili piů caratterizzati.