Suchergebnisse

Nearly 120,000 people are in need of healthy organs in the United States.. Every ten minutes a new name is added to this list, while each day eight people die waiting for an organ to become available. Worse, the gap between those in need of an organ and the number of available donors is growing: our traditional reliance on cadaveric organ donation is insufficient, and in recent years there has been a decline in the number of living donors as well as in the percentage of living donors relative to overall kidney donors. Some transplant surgeons and policy advocates suggest a market solution and legalizing the sale of organs, Andrew Michael Flescher objects to this approach, citing concerns about social justice, commodification, and patient safety. Given that, what is the most efficacious means of attracting prospective living kidney donors? Flescher, drawing on scores of interviews with donors and patients, suggests that inculcating a sense of altruism and civic duty is a more effective means of increasing donor participation than purely financial incentives. He encourages individuals to spend time with patients on dialysis, advocating donor "chains" in order to facilitate relationships between donors and recipients, and creating sacred spaces in hospitals such as a "wall of heroes" to recognize those who sacrifice their body parts for others

The idea of moral evil has always held a special place in philosophy and theology because the existence of evil has implications for the dignity of the human and the limits of human action. Andrew M. Flescher proposes four interpretations of evil, drawing on philosophical and theological sources and using them to trace through history the moral traditions that are associated with them. The first model, evil as the presence of badness, offers a traditional dualistic model represented by Manicheanism. The second, evil leading to goodness through suffering, presents a theological interpretation k

During the Second World War, American architecture was in a state of crisis. The rationing of building materials and restrictions on nonmilitary construction continued the privations that the profession had endured during the Great Depression. At the same time, the dramatic events of the 1930s and 1940s led many architects to believe that their profession--and society itself--would undergo a profound shift once the war ended, with private commissions giving way to centrally planned projects. The magazine Architectural Forum coined the term "194X" to encapsulate this wartime vision of postwar arc

"From his 1956 founding of the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights through the historic demonstrations of 1963, driven by a sense of divine mission, Shuttlesworth pressured Jim Crow restrictions in Birmingham with radically confrontational acts of courage. His intensive campaign pitted him against the staunchly segregationist police commissioner Eugene "Bull" Connor and ultimately brought him to the side of Martin Luther King, Jr., and to the inner chambers of the Kennedy White House

This dissertation endeavors to produce an archeological history of the Ballet Nacional de Cuba (BNC). Founded a decade before the 1959 Cuban Revolution, and nationalized as a state institution at the start of the Revolution, the phenomenon of Cuba's ballet goes beyond the anomaly of an elite practice thriving in a socialist state. Its provocative story lies in the first two decades of the Revolution when cultural production was sutured to the moral and economic development of the new state. This state-funded company has supported the socialist ethos of the state through boycotts, producing ballets featuring themes of the Cuban Revolution, and initiating a Cuban style of ballet choreography and pedagogy taught throughout the island. This historical project mobilizes Michel Foucault's concept of the archeology as a theoretical framework for thinking about Cuba's 1959 revolutionary state as producing systems knowledge (or epistemes) via state apparatuses that would then sanction and mold cultural production such as a national ballet. Like the grammar by which rules and language take form, these systems of knowledge for Foucault produce what he terms as discursive traces, which in this project become state ideology and legislation as well as choreography and dance movement. This archeology of the BNC analyzes the company as a cultural institution, its classical and contemporary repertoire, and its founder and prima ballerina Alicia Alonso as articulations, or traces of official state language and are contextualized within contemporaneous representations of socialist ideology drawing from the spheres of the revolution's economic, gender, race, and class projects.

This dissertation examines the practice of garbage management and its construction as a set of environmental issues across the municipio of Coxcatlán, Puebla, Mexico. The generation and sustainable management of garbage are pressing environmental issues around the world. This is especially true in a rural Mexican municipios, like Coxcatlán, where municipal governments attempt to deliver garbage service within larger policy directives with limited infrastructure and accessibility challenges. The different geographies of garbage management created by differential accessibility to formal management, local governance, the influence of traditional practices, and public education among other factors contribute to how garbage is perceived of as an environmental issue. To understand the practical and discursive management of garbage across Coxcatlán municipio, this study employs 1) an analysis of the current state of garbage management in Mexico as a whole and Coxcatlán in particular 2) a household garbage census to illustrate the management of garbage in the home from a practice-based perspective, 3) a Q-method study to understand the subjectivities regarding what garbage is and how it should be managed in the home, 4) a risk mapping survey to describe the heterogeneity of perception of garbage-related issues across the municipio, and 5) a litter quantification and classification study to compare perceptions of litteredness to the material realities of garbage that fall outside of management. The results of the broader analysis of the garbage issue in Mexico and Coxcatlán frames the material magnitude of garbage and the trajectory of management through which this material passes. The extensive municipio-wide garbage management census shows how differential accessibility to formal garbage management essentially creates two spatialities or models of garbage management with different effects on residents and the environment in each. The Q-method study identifies six different perspectives on what garbage is and how it ...

Policy-makers and institutional administrators have long struggled with the question of college and university student tuition fees. In many ways this struggle may be characterized as a negotiation between two distinct policy goals: providing revenue to adequately finance higher education and ensuring student accessibility to higher education. The Government of Ontario has wrestled with these competing questions, resulting in major changes to tuition policy over the last 10 years. This article discusses the history of tuition policy in Ontario, recent developments, and outstanding policy challenges relating to institutional behaviour toward the current policy, set to expire in 2009–10. ; Les responsables politiques et les administrateurs institutionnels ont eu longtemps fort à faire avec la question des droits d'inscription dans les collèges et les universités. De divers points de vue, cette problématique peut être caractérisée par la nécessité de concilier deux objectifs politiques distincts : d'une part, fournir des revenus suffisants pour financer l'éducation supérieure et, d'autre part, assurer aux étudiants l'accessibilité à cette même éducation supérieure. Le gouvernement de l'Ontario a été confronté à ces deux aspects contradictoires de la question et il en est résulté des changements majeurs dans la politique des droits d'inscription depuis dix ans. Le présent article revient sur l'histoire de la politique des droits d'inscription en Ontario, décrit les récentes évolutions et les principaux défis politiques afférents à l'attitude des différentes institutions envers la réglementation actuelle qui expirera au terme de l'année universitaire 2009-2010.