Suchergebnisse

This guide is an introduction to the basic doctrines, institutions, and methodology of international sanctions, as it provides an overview of legal and operational capacity requirements for effective sanctions implementation by nation-states and international organizations--effective border control, well-organized and monitored financial systems, secured travel documents identification system, migration controls, legal and administrative capacities commensurate with the complexity of sanction regimes, and the capacity for international cooperation in the implementation and enforcement of sanctions. Many nations have used sanctions or have had sanctions imposed against them or their citizens. Nation-states have also often used sanctions to impose economic rather than armed force. As such, sanctions have been commonly used in foreign relations, peacekeeping, and conflict resolution. In addition to providing an explanation on the importance of the topic, this guide provides research methodologies into the purposes, types, and targets of sanctions. It goes into specifics on the many UN sanctions passed from the Cold War era up to the present, and explains the administrative framework for U.S. sanctions and all the departments and agencies that can be involved. It lists the requisite sources to consult, including primary and secondary material and databases.--Publisher

Intro -- Contents -- Introduction -- Overview -- Chapter 1 -- A New Capital for a New Nation -- The Concept of a Federal District -- Overview -- The Residency Debate and the Placing of the Nation's Capital -- The District Clause -- Drafting of the District Clause -- District Clause and the Right to Vote -- Sources -- Primary Documents -- Thomas Tredwell at the New York Convention to Ratify the U.S. Constitution -- Federal Farmer, Number 18 : -- Debate of 1788 Virginia Ratifying Convention for the U.S. Constitution -- Monographs -- Journal Articles -- Archival Materials -- Chapter 2 -- Who Governs the District? -- Early Forms of Governance -- The Issue of Representation: The Early Home Rule -- Sources -- Journal Articles -- Monographs -- D.C.'s Territorial Government, 1871-1874 -- Sources -- Articles -- Monographs -- D.C.'s Commission Government, 1874-1967 -- Sources -- Congressional Documents -- House and Senate Resolutions -- Congressional Reports -- Journal Articles -- Continued Efforts at Reorganization and Its Impact on Home Rule -- Home Rule and the Auchincloss Plan -- Sources -- Journal Articles -- Monographs -- Law Review Articles -- Archival Collections -- Chapter 3 -- The Quest for Self-Representation, 1961-1974 -- Twenty-Third Amendent -- Overview -- Congressional Passage of the Twenty-Third Amendment -- State Ratification of the Twenty-Third Amendment -- Impact of the Twenty-Third Amendment -- Current Issues Involving the Twenty-Third Amendment -- Sources -- Law Review Articles -- Monographs -- D.C. Sources -- Archives -- Personal Papers and Organizational Records -- Renewed Impetus for Home Rule -- Congressional Documents -- Monographs -- Archival Materials -- D.C.'s Commissioner-Council Government, 1967-1974 -- Sources -- Presidential Statements -- Lyndon Johnson's Statement -- A Better Government for the District of Columbia