Suchergebnisse

To fulfil the need of rice is to increase the domestic production, which is the one of the government's policy. However, by increasing the population, the demand of rice will also increase and the effort of increase the domestic productivity cannot supply the need of domestic rice. So, to cover the shortage the government makes decision to import rice from other countries. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) also increased after monetary crisis in 1998. In the fact of the import of rice is occurred when the statistical data showed that the supply of rice in Indonesia is surplus. The aim of this research is necessary to study the factors which influence the import of rice in Indonesia. The analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis model with Error Correction Model (ECM). Based on the research proven that partially or jointly the gross domestic product, the consumption, the price of rice in world market are influence significantly toward the import of rice in Indonesia.

This paper studies the effect of marketing efficiency in Indonesia. If the government could improve the marketing efficiency may result to an improvement on food security and household welfare. This analysis used a computable general equilibrium model where households disaggregated by eight income class based on Indonesian SAM year 2008 with 23 sectors. The results showed that the improvement of marketing efficiency by 5-15% could increase the supply of domestic agricultural by 9.7 to 200%, except nuts which remained constant, while the other sectors would be vary. Exporting from agricultural sectors increased by 120-1287%, but the rice and other crops would declined, the other sectors rose and constant. The imports quantities of agricultural sector generally rose, except the corn are remained constant, tubers are decline. Meanwhile the quantity import of other sectors would rose. Improvement of agricultural marketing efficiency also resulted in a decrease in household's expenses by 3.3 to 6.7%, 41-45% and government by 3.9 to 7.3%. As a contra, the welfare of households rose from 0.7 to 1.1% and the producer dropped 38-40%. Thus improving marketing efficiency of agricultural products have a positive effect on increasing food security and household welfare in Indonesia.

Food is a basic need that must be fulfilled by every citizen / community and is the right of every resident to fulfill his food needs. So it is natural that many countries whose governments give considerable attention to food-related problems both in terms of demand and supply. Research on demand for food commodities in Tulungagung Regency uses data from SUSENAS (National Socio-Economic Survey) in 2018 obtained from the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics. The model used in this study is the AIDS (Almost Ideal Demand System) model with the SUR (Seemingly Unrelated Regression) method. The results showed that the factors that influenced the demand for food commodities were rice prices, corn prices, soybean prices, mungbean prices, peanut prices for cassava prices, sweet potato prices, and total household expenditure. Price elasticity is elastic for food commodities (rice, corn, green beans, peanuts, cassava and sweet potatoes). Cross elasticity has a substitution relationship in each commodity and is also complementary in each commodity. Expenditure elasticity shows that all food commodities are normal goods.

The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of sugar import tariffs changes since the tariff import is the only policy to increase the sugar domestic production. This analysis is performed using a CGE (computable general equilibrium) model of Indonesian economy in 2008. Results showed that the increases of sugar import tariff have some different conclusions. If sugar tariff import will rise to 41.6% and to 50%, the domestic output of sugar will increase about 1.89% and 3.77%; and household welfare would increase about 0.52 and 0.76%, respectively. But when the sugar import tariff is removed, domestic output of sugar and sugarcane have not changed, but the agricultural sector would reduce and income of all agents would decrease. Thus, the relevant tariff depends on the purpose of the government whether to increase domestic output and import or export of certain sectors, and the welfare of producers or consumers.

The research attenots to analysis the historical genealogy and press movement and Javanese public sphere in the colonial age, 1915-1950. By focusing the site of Boekhandel Tan Khoen Swie (TKS) in Kediri - East Java during the colonial period, this research is specifically to explore the roles of TKS and Tan Khoen Swie's ideas (as a person) in the press movement in East Java over 35 years. The research used qualitative research with historical-discourse perspectives. It combines the archeology/genealogy methods proposed by Michel Foucault, historical and archives study. Through a historical archive investigation, both of material and ego documents, the study mapped on how the production of the public sphere in colonial age happened. The result of this study shows that the works and ideas published by through Boekhandel Tan Khoen Swie (TKS) are full meaning of spiritual and culture values. TKS has encouraged the transformation of Javanese values to the wider community. We argue that the idea and efforts of the public sphere in Javanese community during the colonial era, especially through it controversial publications. As an individual, Tan Khoen Swie established himself as the cosmopolitan elite in the fight against the colonialism. In other words, the study is success to showed the importance roles of Tan Khoen Swie inspiring the emergence of press movement in East Java and it also supports for creating the alternative public sphere for Javanese.