Suchergebnisse

The establishment of the cultural and educational organization "Kultur-Lige" was performed as a result of Jewish-Ukrainian cooperation at the period of Ukrainian People's Republic. The newly founded Ministry of Jewish affairs supported the Kultur-Lige in development of the new secular Jewish culture. The article analyzed the newly implemented sources that showed the activities of the secular Jewish culture in the domain of the publishing section. The main methods, used in the article, are the method of synthetic analysis. The method of retrospection was also used by the author. The article is about publishing activity of the Kultur-Lige in Kyiv in 1918–1931. The publishing section identifies as the most fruitful of organization. The proposed education conception of Kultur-Lige required the new education materials. The preparation and publishing of such materials were provided by publishing section. Among the other, the section published fiction, literature for children and periodical publication in Yiddish. The article analyses two periods of the section: the period of independence (before 1921) and the Soviet period (1921–1931). Despite the total liquidation of the organization by the Soviet government, the publishing house continue its activities till 1931. According to these Kyiv in the middle of 1920th received the status of the leading Yiddish publishing city in Eastern Europe.

The article covers the introduction of Yiddish publishing activities, initiated by the Jewish civic and cultural-educational organization "Kultur-Lige" in the period from 1918 to 1931. The research analyzes the historical context and preconditions of the organization beginning in the 19th century. Among the main preconditions, the author highlights the rapid modernization of Eastern European Jewry, the proclamation of Yiddish as one of the many national languages at the inter-party conference on Yiddish in Chernivtsi in 1908, and the revolutionary events of the first half of the twentieth century. In addition, the article encloses the concept of secular Jewish culture proposed by members of the Kultur-Lige and ways of its implementation through printed Yiddish-language products, the main "marketplaces" of Yiddish textbooks, teaching materials, fiction, periodicals. The article analyzes the printed products of the Kultur-Lige, after preliminary structuring and systematization of publications by category: the sources were divided into a layer of textbooks, teaching and learning materials, children's books, and fiction. The authors of the educational books, textbooks, and books for children were usually young Jewish writers and members of the Literature section of Kultur-Lige. The main consumer of such Yiddish books were the educational institutions established by the Kultur-Lige. Specifically, the Jewish public Yiddish schools, public libraries, and reading rooms, as well as Jewish Public University. Educational institutions organized by Kultur-Lige provided education for all categories of the Jewish community. The article also includes some information about the book design of Kultur-Lige artists. Among the illustrators was Mark Chagall, Sara Shor, Eliezer Lissitzky, Joseph Chaikov, Mark Epstein, etc. This organization provided unique opportunities to implement their artistic idea in the area of book illustrations. Besides that, the article includes information about the print run of some books and the financial sources of the publishing section