The Fertility-Sex Ratio Trade-Off: Unintended Consequences of Financial Incentives
In: IZA Discussion Paper No. 8044
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In: IZA Discussion Paper No. 8044
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In: The journal of human resources, Band 54, Heft 1, S. 79-121
ISSN: 1548-8004
Despite theoretical advances, measurement issues have impeded empirical research on aspirations. We quantify political aspirations in a developing country by estimating individuals' willingness to trade-off family size for political candidacy. Utilizing quasi-experimental variation in legal fertility limits on village council members in India, we find that at least 2.21% of married couples of childbearing age altered their fertility to remain eligible for council membership. This implies that returns to local leadership in low-income democracies are potentially high. Poorer, less educated, and lower-caste families display strong political aspirations, thereby lowering the extent of elite-capture at the local level of governance.
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Working paper
In: IZA Discussion Paper No. 9023
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In: Economic Development and Cultural Change, Band 67, Heft 3, S. 687-724
ISSN: 1539-2988
In: Journal of development economics, Band 154, S. 1-28
ISSN: 0304-3878
World Affairs Online
In: Journal of development economics, Band 154, S. 102750
ISSN: 0304-3878
In: IZA Discussion Paper No. 15395
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In: IZA Discussion Paper No. 11464
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In: IZA Discussion Paper No. 16639
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In: The economic journal: the journal of the Royal Economic Society, Band 132, Heft 641, S. 1-36
ISSN: 1468-0297
Abstract
Access to prenatal sex-detection technology in India has led to a phenomenal increase in abortion of girls. We find that it has also narrowed the gender gap in under-five mortality, consistent with surviving girls being more wanted than aborted girls. For every three aborted girls, one additional girl survived to age five. Mechanisms include moderation of son-biased fertility stopping and narrowing of gender gaps in parental investments. However, surviving girls are more likely to be born in lower-status families. Our findings have implications not only for counts of missing girls but also for the later life outcomes of girls.
In: American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Band 102, Heft 5, S. 1328-1351
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