Suchergebnisse

This article reviews the construction of migration policies in Spain while analyzing its role as an instrument in the production of exclusion and precariousness. The changes in migration legislation-far from decreasing the number of undocumented migrants-have produced labor segmentation and social stratification. The official determination of presenting illegal immigrants as part of a vicious circIe and legal ones as part of a virtuous circIe opens the door to the criminalization of migration movements. This situation produces a radicalization in the vulnerability of certain labor forces. As opposed to the culturalist perspective, which explains inequality as the result of pre-existent cultural differences, the following analysis suggests that the discriminatory and marginalized situations suffered by part of non-communitarian immigrant population in Spain are systematically produced and reinforced by various political and legal practices.

AbstractGrounded in written historical records and oral sources, this exploratory article addresses the Portuguese policy that targeted Indian nationals settled in Mozambique in the aftermath of the liberation/occupation of Portuguese India in December 1961. It equally tackles the views, concerns, and responses developed by Indian nationals to cope with their confinement in internment camps, frozen assets, seizures and liquidation, and deportation. The analysis evinces the inbuilt ambivalence in the way Portuguese colonial authorities constructed the internment of Indian nationals as humanitarian and protective measures, while displaying their dispossession and repatriation as harsh retaliatory political measures, at odds with the purported political and legal principles of colonial governance based on Portuguese Luso-tropical exceptionalism. The differentiated impact of such political measures, far from being univocal and uncompromising, is discussed as marred by innumerable contradictions resulting from the Portuguese economic vulnerability and dependence on Indian subaltern elites in Mozambique. Furthermore, the article presents a particular analytical sensitivity to the ambivalence surrounding the modes in which men and women of Indian origin related to Portuguese colonial power and responded to its governance.

Resumo: Esta pesquisa tem o objetivo de construir uma narrativa por meio das imagens mnésica e iconográfica sobre as mudanças na paisagem do Bairro do Recife, estabelecendo as relações entre os antigos e novos usos dos lugares e os impactos para a população local. É uma pesquisa que se desenvolve a partir do entrecruzamento das imagens antigas que hoje fazem parte do acervo iconográfico do Museu da Cidade do Recife e as fotografias realizadas durante o trabalho de campo, dos novos cartões postais e das imagens reveladas nas narrativas de frequentadores do Bairro do Recife. A partir da análise dos dados constatamos que as transformações no contexto da cidade são necessárias, com o passar dos anos o uso dos lugares se modificam gradativamente pelo movimento da história, mas no Bairro do Recife cada reforma varre uma parte de sua história, restando uma paisagem da cidade encontrada apenas nas antigas pinturas, fotografias, cartões postais e nas lembranças dos moradores e visitantes.Palavras Chaves: Recife. Fotografia. Imagem IMAGES AND MEMORIES IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF RECIFE Abstract: This research aims to build a narrative through mnesic and iconographic images about the changes in the landscape of Neighborhood of Recife, establishing the relationships between the old and new uses of the places and the impacts on the local population. It is a research that develops from the intertwining of the old images that today are part of the iconographic collection of the Museum of the City of Recife and the photographs taken during the fieldwork, the new postcards and the images revealed in the narratives of visitors to the neighborhood of Recife. From the analysis of the data we find that the transformations in the context of the city are necessary, with the passing of the years the use of the places is gradually modified by the movement of history, but in the Neighbourhood of Recife each reform sweeps a part of its history, remaining a landscape of the city found only in the old paintings, photographs, postcards and memories of residents and visitors.Keywords: Recife. Photograph. Image

Este artigo tem o objetivo de mostrar como as pessoas cegas vivenciam o cotidiano nas ruas da cidade do Recife. Seu conteúdo integra a tese de doutorado em antropologia apresentado ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco em março de 2011. O trabalho de campo foi realizado no período de 2008 a 2010. Por meio da observação participante, entrevistas semi-estruturadas e a formação em tiflologia (curso que envolve o aprendizado do braille, orientação e mobilidade, estimulação essencial, informática e ensino da matemática para pessoas cegas) foi possível perceber que o quotidiano das pessoas cegas, no Recife é marcado pelo encontro com o outro não cego, às vezes de forma pouco tranquila devido ao desconhecimento dos normovisuais de como lidar com o deficiente visual, como também esta cidade não oferece boa acessibilidade, sendo assim, para as pessoas cegas viverem neste lugar criam táticas, subvertem os obstáculos e desenha uma cartografia forjada pelos sentidos.Palavras-Chave: Cidade. Cegueira. Recife.AbstractThis article has the objective to show how blind people daily live in Recife downtown and neighborhood. The content integrates an anthropology PhD thesis presented in March 2011 to the Program of Post-Graduation in Anthropology of Federal University of Pernambuco –UFPE.The fieldwork was made during the years of 2008 to 2010 through a participatory observation, semi structured interviews and the participation in Braille courses (In Brazil, tiflogia. a course that provides braille learning, mobility, orientation, essential stimulation, informatics and mathematics learning for blind people). During the studies, it was possible to perceive that the daily life of blinds in Recife is not easy due to the ignorance of sighted people about how to deal with blinds and the city does not provide enough accessibility. Thus, blind people in Recife create their own techniques, overcome obstacles and draws a mental map guided by senses.KeyWords: City. Blindness. Recife.

O presente trabalho apresenta algumas questões que norteiam a temática quilombola, passando por uma breve conceituação do termo, realidades vivenciadas e direitos adquiridos, enfatizando as contradições entre a legislação e sua efetiva aplicação, principalmente no que se refere ao direito do território e a educação. O foco norteador deste trabalho é a Comunidade Mimoso do Kalunga, localizada no município de Arraias, estado do Tocantins, que, além de se encontrar na condição de profunda ausência de seus direitos constitucionais inerentes a qualquer ser humano, também apresenta um processo educacional precário, que ignora seus valores e sua cultura.

O Acorda Povo é uma forma de expressão viva nas festas juninas do Recife e Região Metropolitana, uma realidade orgânica, que tem cheiro de vida e uma dinâmica própria. Foi gestada por diferentes segmentos étnicos, que aqui chegaram e criaram maneiras de estar no mundo. É sobre esta manifestação cultural que apresentamos essa reflexão, problematizando questões étnico-raciais com o objetivo de democratizar o debate e dar visibilidade à diversidade dos significados presentes nas práticas cotidianas das periferias do Recife. O recorte para este trabalho consiste nas experiências apreendidas com Dona Nenzinha e seus familiares, consanguíneos e de santo, no período que antecedeu os preparativos até a realização do Acorda Povo da Vila das Lavadeiras. O Acorda Povo de Dona Nenzinha é o grupo mais antigo em atuação na cidade e mantém um modelo de organização que o singulariza diante dos demais existentes.

Due to their sensitivity and dramatic declines, freshwater mussels are prime targets for conservation and environmental monitoring. For this, however, information is needed on life history and ecological traits, which is lacking in many taxa, including threatened species. Species recently described or recognized as valid are of particular concern, due to the shortage of even basic knowledge. A case in point is the recently recognized and Near Threatened dolphin freshwater mussel Unio delphinus Spengler, 1793, which is endemic to the western Iberian Peninsula and has suffered marked population declines. To overcome information gaps for U. delphinus, we carried out a holistic biological study across the species range, aiming to: i) estimate the area of occupancy (AOO) and extent of occurrence (EOO) based on updated distribution data taken from the literature and recent surveys; ii) estimate growth patterns from biometrical (shell dimensions and growth annuli) measurements taken on specimens from seven populations; iii) estimate sex ratios from gonad tissue biopsies collected on specimens from eight populations; iv) estimate gametogenesis and sex ratio through histological examination of gonad and gill tissues collected monthly for a year, from a single population; and v) determine host species from infestation trials of glochidia with co-occurring fish species. We estimated an EOO of 706 km2 and an AOO of 61 km2, which together with data on declines assigns the species to the Endangered category using IUCN criteria. Unio delphinus was found to grow faster and to be shorter-lived (up to 11 years, maturity at around 2 years old) than other European freshwater mussels. Growth and life span are similar across the range in lotic habitats, but different from that in lentic habitats. The larvae of U. delphinus may attach to most co-occurring fish species, but only native species were effective hosts. Native cyprinids, especially those from the genus Squalius, seem to be the primary hosts. Overall, the information provided contributes to a better conservation status assessment, selection of conservation and rehabilitation areas, guidance for the establishment of propagation programs and better timing for specimens' manipulation including monitoring and possible translocations. The framework presented here highlights the importance of basic biological studies to define good ecological and physiological status. ; This work was supported by Portuguese FCT – Foundation for Science and Technology, Projects FRESHCO: Multiple implications of invasive species on Freshwater Mussel co-extinction processes (PTDC/ AGR-FOR/1627/2014-04/SAICT/2015), MUSSELFLOW: Host-dependent evolution, ecology and conservation of freshwater mussels under varying hydrological conditions: consequences of climate change (PTDC/BIA-EVL/29199/2017), and ConBiomics: The missing approach for the Conservation of freshwater Bivalves Project N° NORTE-01-0145- FEDER-030286, co-financed by COMPETE 2020, Portugal 2020 and the European Union through the ERDF. FCT also supported MLL under grant (SFRH/BD/115728/2016), CM under grant (SFRH/BD/111133/ 2015) and also through Strategic Funding UID/Multi/04423/2019. PB was supported by EDP Biodiversity Chair. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion