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The paper highlights how the small and very small centres, equal to 69.9% of the Italian Municipalities, the connective tissue of the "Country of the 100 Bell Towers" built over millennia, suffer abandonment processes. Insane policies of cuts in connections along with those of privatization and liberalization are among the main culprits in the disappearance of the historical landmarks of the territory. While the main poles are enjoying high speed and special funding with the EU Urban Agenda. To reverse this situation, having as a reference the Landscape Charter, for years an integrated ecological approach has been proposed based on the indications of the Leipzig Charter which calls for integrated strategies for bread-making between rural and urban, small, medium, large and metropolitan areas. It is examined the National Strategy for Inland Areas, launched in 2013, to assess the quality of life of the citizens of these areas and the law, issued in 2017, in support of the Municipalities under the 5000 inhabitants is considered. They are an opportunity to modify the settlement logic that developed over more than 300 years based on the industrialist paradigm that is increasingly showing environmental and social unsustainability. Then at the center is placed the cum-cives, that is the citizen, who with the others shares the civitas to build inclusive and sustainable communities materially and socially, the goal of Smart City. Riflessioni ed ipotesi di ri/territorializzazione ecologica Lo scritto evidenzia come i piccoli e piccolissimi centri, pari al 69,9% dei Comuni italiani, il tessuto connettivo del "Paese delle 100 Campanili" costruito in millenni, soffrono processi di abbandono. Politiche dissennate di tagli nei collegamenti assieme a quelle di privatizzazione e liberalizzazione sono tra le principali responsabili del venir meno dei caposaldi storici del territorio. Mentre i poli principali stanno giovandosi di alta velocità e finanziamenti speciali con Agenda Urbana UE. Per ribaltare tale situazione, avendo ...

But is it right that historic centres, the most prized places in cities, are subject to gentrification? In other words, the expulsion of the original residents and traditional, historical activities, which are the soul of these places: something that is well highlighted in 2000 European Landscape Convention.There are some paradoxes that link the protection policies in place for some years to their results. The pedestrian islands born in Italy nearly 40 years ago with the first pedestrianization of the Colosseum and then the ZTL, initially opposed by the traders, in the medium-long period have meant spread of shops for high incomes and international stores that have supplanted the historic shops. The ecological transformation of a part of the twentieth-century High Line in Manhattan has led to an increase in the real estate values of the area that is growth in sales prices and rents and therefore the replacement of residents and activities.The challenge we face today is how to maintain the identity of places that are transformed or even just recovered, also to make them sustainable as required by the UN. And how to preserve their human component, essential part of this identity, even among the objectives of the Charter 2020-2030. Gentrificazione e Agenda UN 2020 - 2030Ma è giusto che i centri storici, i luoghi più pregiati delle città, siano soggetti a gentrification? Ovvero all'espulsione dei residenti originari e delle attività tradizionali, storiche, che sono l'anima di tali luoghi: cosa peraltro ben evidenziata nella Convenzione europea del paesaggio del 2000.Vi sono alcuni paradossi che legano le politiche di tutela in atto da qualche anno ed esiti di esse. Le isole pedonali nate in Italia quasi 40 anni fa con la prima pedonalizzazione del Colosseo e poi le ZTL, inizialmente contrastate dai commercianti, nel medio-lungo periodo hanno significato diffusione di negozi per redditi alti e shops internazionali che hanno soppiantato le botteghe storiche. La trasformazione ecologica di parte della novecentesca ...

The contribution continues the research studies began in 1987 about the anthropization processes, considering the so call "crisis" as opportunity for a radical change of them, having its main base in the ecological vision of territory and city, in an holistic philosophy of social and spatial transformations, in coherence with the Landscape Florence Convention [1], particularly relevant for our country of the "100 town bells". Quoting the 2015 Letter Encyclical Laudato Sii for the Care of the Common House [2[, that goes far beyond the idea of cities as "public space" and underline the care of it, that is its management based on immediate actions, parts of strategies in the short, medium and long term. This proposed new philosophy refers also to scientific works requiring radical changes from a legal point of view in the relationship between man and nature as proposed by F. Capra and U. Mattei [3]) in the book Ecology of Law. Science, Politics, Common Goods. DOI: http://dx.medra.org/10.19254/LaborEst.17.09

The paper highlights the originalities offered by metropolitan areas such as Reggio Calabria. Here the human actions have found their peculiarities and richness thanks to the close dialogue with the earth's resources and to their use. So, more deeply than in other places, the cultural heritage and the social dynamics participate, and have participated, in the drawing of the space and in giving prospects for the development of the territory. Here, between the end of the XV and the first half of the XVI century, Bernardino Telesio with his "Philosophy of Nature" and his disciple Tommaso Campanella, both Calabrians, have proposed a new way to think the world: they were among the few philosophers, the modern fathers, of what today is defined as ecological thought. The main instruction is to avoid unsustainable choices that might be useful in the short time, but not in the medium or long term because often they increase the risk. The other connected instruction consists in using the present cultural resources and the remained natural ones as design suggestions. The paper, shortly, points out all these elements and suggests the main political and cultural lines to create the original Reggio Calabria Metropolis as proposed in the title.DOI: http://dx.medra.org/10.19254/LaborEst.13.01

Objectives The issues of happiness and well-being of the citizens are central in the work of urban planners and land planners . This is the purpose of their existence in the modern city , as considered , for example by Franco Pure from the sixteenth century. The same Athens' Charta drawn up in the 30s of ' 900 was created with these objectives. For several decades the market has taken more and more space, because the policy has pull back itself and has left to the economy the decisive role in the planning, and therefore also in social choices. The paper aims to highlight the socially and spatially devastating outcomes, also environmentally, of those choices. Then it suggests urban policies that, instead, can be effective and not only efficient ones Methods, techniques, modes of inquiry, data sources Following the phenomenological philosophy, the paper carries out quantitative and qualitative analysis is of some concrete cases, differentiated by size and location. Eg. in Rome while there are 50,000 people (of a total population of 2,880,000 inhabitants approx) with housing needs, 110,000 housing unities are empty. It is clear that there is a disequilibrium either social that physical. But there is also a qualitative study, using tools such as eg. the Fair and Equitable Wellbeing and (BES) proposed by ISTAT-CNEL alongside those suggested by the Charter of Quality by AUDIs (Association of Urban Disused Areas) since 2007. These two instruments put emphasis on the need to confront the issues addressed in a multidisciplinary way, so with a multicriteria, 'integrated', approach. In a broader perspective that goes back to '"human ecology". School of thought that has the two cosentin philosophers, ie Bernardino Telesio (with the "Philosophy of Nature") and his disciple Thomas Campanella (the author of "The City of the Sun"), as fathers in the modern age and then the various thinkers of Anglo-Saxon origin as H.D. Thoreau, W. Whitman, then I.L. McHarg, P. Soleri etc. the latest references. References that are the basis of the goals of the EU strategies. These are declared and evident, as example, in "Smart City" (2007) where it is said that the goal is to buold local Communities, inclusive and sustainable, either materially and socially. An important element of the study is the time, because the land use decisions have consequences often do not revealed immediately. This means test the effects in the short, medium, and long period. Conclusions The paper, having highlighted the gaps and inconsistencies of the actual philosophy of action, essentially based on the market, thanks to the mention of "best pratices" proposes a different path. Highlighting the benefits and conditions necessary to ensure that the policy, and therefore the planning of territories and cities, goes back to being effective and therefore useful: that is to be the art of managing the polis for its citizens, its cum-cives

Introduction The goal is the analysis of the conflict growing between the interest of the inhabitants and that of the real estate market. With particular reference to Italy, considering the trends of residential urban transformations it is necessary to understand if the welfare of the inhabitants has improved. To inhabit it is one of the four pillars of the Athens Charter (1938), considering as base brick the family structure formed mostly by two adults, one worker (mainly male) and two children. With the life that was rhythmed by the times of production (Ernesti, 1995) i.e. the movements ?house?work?. So for over 300 years the home issue has had a close relationship with that work as the many models of economy of space have proved. And the third/fourth age was not contemplated, instead today it represents the larger population. In manufacture, in administrative offices etc. the jobs have become unsteady and the precarious ones, both temporally and geographically, have risen in Western countries: the uncontrolled globalization requires the labour force free from any ties, as are the other its products/elements. To underline that in countries called BRIC the model ?home-work? is still valid for reasons of scale and agglomeration: the causes of their growing ?urban gigantism?. The paper investigates, using case studies, if there is awareness of these radical social transformations, how they are tackled and what idea of civitas is proposed and is built with the cum-cives - i.e the citizens. All this with the EU budget constraints that limit local authorities in their urban policies and therefore also those for the house. Thus forcing them to disposals of public property, also the residential one, to heal the financial deficit, as it is happening recently in the capital of Italy. Conclusion The housing policies must be essential part of urban policy, related to those social and fiscal ones. If, as is the Italian case, there are reforms of the cadastre that raise property values, without urban policies of social equity there isn?t ?social housing? that can work. Unless the logical is to pursue the US model of ?social and wealth zoning?, elder people in ?city of pensioners' or abandoned, increasing the ghettoization and peripheries without quality and having gentrification of inner cities. Without National Policies, much more than the bad recent Italian ?House Plan? the ?home question? will remain open. It is possible to have by useful examples suggestions for methodological good practices and strategies that make clear the need for such an integrated approach. The only way for getting more equity spatially and the reduction of the risk of social unrest. An approach able to conjugate the market and policy, that is the art of govern the polis.

The starting point consists in considering city as common good as a whole characterized by a number of physical and social local resources that are not reproducible ones. Remembering that the mission of the modern town planners, from the Athena Chart 1931, is the wellbeing of the inhabitants. Renewable resources and interactive communications may help do design a better urbanization processes. But all that must be done having as goal to construct local communities and not only to reinforce individual power. As the European Union says for/in Horizon 2020 the scope has to build "Smart Cities" that are referred not only to technological aspects but they also constituted by an inclusive, social sustainable environment. Flows of energy and flows of communications characterize the contemporaneous city: the immaterial city (Aragona, 1993, 2000). Town planners have to face with this phenomenon but it is not easy because they are for the most, especially in some nation (e.g. Italy), not educated to do that. It requires to manage the networks of services - not visible service and product (some years ago called often "value added service") - beside the physical, built, town that means its spatial, economical structure? and the functional one that is changing (partly or totally) because the reasons before said. This philosophy regards also the energy and all the natural elements (water, wind, soil) contributing to increase the quality life. It seems that, for the most, in many countries town planners accept these changes without trying to address them. It seems that the countries where city as common good is less felt (e.g. many of the Mediterranean nations) these changes for bettering wellbeing and social sustainability are not caught or left to the "free market" alone? while Sustainable Copenhagen is one representative example of what can be done. All that is very related to the accessibility of information of people, technicians, administrative employees, politicians. Important is the formation of a "cultured technology" for avoiding technocratic "solutions" (Del Nord, 1991). All that is a relevant chance because inhabitants become citizens i.e. cum-cives of the polis: outcome of the art of managing the city. References Aragona S. (1993) La città virtuale. Trasformazioni urbane e nuove tecnologie dell'informazione, Gangemi, Roma. Aragona S. (2000) Ambiente urbano e innovazione. La città globale tra identità locale e sostenibilità, Gangemi, Roma. Cacciari M. (1991) "Aut civitas, aut polis" in (a cura di) Mucci E., Rizzoli P., L'immaginario tecnologico metropolitano, F.Angeli, Milano. Del Nord R. (1991) "Introduzione" in (a cura di) Mucci E., Rizzoli P., L'immaginario op.cit? Ue, (2012) Smart Cities e Communities, Asse II del Programma (azioni integrate per lo sviluppo sostenibile e lo sviluppo della società dell'informazione) e progetti di "innovazione sociale" Asse III www.Copenhagen.TheSustainableCity.it