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The diverse conceptualizations, operationalizations and measurements of uncertainty and structure may explain the inconsistent findings obtained for the contingency model. To examine this possibility, the present study simultaneously applies multiple measures of uncertainty and organizational structure using both factor analysis and Smallest Space Analysis to identify the underlying dimensions of those constructs and examine their interrelationships. Results obtained via both methods are compared and their relative merits discussed, and implications for organization and management are delineated.

The paper analyzes the organizational commitment of North American male andfemale accountants working in professional organizations. Unlike others, the present study controlledfor the critical variables of type of occupation, level and subject of higher education, and type of organization. The independent variables were age, gender, tenure, organizational level, cognitive affective orientation to the job, professional commitment, overalljob satisfaction, and intrinsic and e-xtrinsic need satisfaction. It was found by an analysis of covariance that women tended to have lower levels of organizational commitment than men. However, an hierarchical regression analysis indicated that sex did not significantly explain the variance beyond the demographic and cognitive-affective variables. Women were also less satisfied than men in terms of overall job satisfaction and extrinsic satisfaction.