Suchergebnisse

The leading role of U.S. foreign policy in the context of international politics is generally accepted as a political standard of multilateral hegemony (Hardt & Negri, 2000). With Donald Trump's victory in 2016, the globalised approach to international order has been questioned by the President himself and some of the decisions carried out by his administration (Druckman, 2019). The world media and national governments in Europe responded to such political rhetoric and actions as the U.S. plotted a trajectory towards unilateralism and isolationism. This study aims to clarify how the current international order is perceived by leaders representing the EU, Ukraine, Russia and Belarus. To achieve the above, the UN general assembly speeches delivered by President of the EU Council Donald Tusk (the EU), President Piotr Poroshenko (Ukraine), President Vladimir Putin and Minister for Foreign Affairs Sergey Lavrov (Russia), President Alexander Lukashenko and Minister of Foreign Affairs Vladimir Makei in the time span of four years (from 2015 to 2018 inclusively) were collected. The research data consists of 15,897 tokens that were analysed within the analytical framework of Critical Metaphor Analysis (Charteris-Black, 2011; Musolff, 2016, 2018) by procedurally applying Pragglejaz Group's Metaphor Identification Procedure (2007). It has been determined that the collective identity of the international order is mainly represented by two metaphorical legitimacy strategies: value-systems and targeting, both serving two different ideological purposes of (1) reinstating Western multilateralism (Donald Tusk and Piotr Poroshenko) and (2) opposing it (Vladimir Putin, Sergey Lavrov, Alexander Lukashenko, Vladimir Malei). In addition to these, the leaders maintain their legitimacy by mobilising for collective action, establishing a set of obligations and victimising the in-group.

The leading role of U.S. foreign policy in the context of international politics is generally accepted as a political standard of multilateral hegemony (Hardt & Negri, 2000). With Donald Trump's victory in 2016, the globalised approach to international order has been questioned by the President himself and some of the decisions carried out by his administration (Druckman, 2019). The world media and national governments in Europe responded to such political rhetoric and actions as the U.S. plotted a trajectory towards unilateralism and isolationism. This study aims to clarify how the current international order is perceived by leaders representing the EU, Ukraine, Russia and Belarus. To achieve the above, the UN general assembly speeches delivered by President of the EU Council Donald Tusk (the EU), President Piotr Poroshenko (Ukraine), President Vladimir Putin and Minister for Foreign Affairs Sergey Lavrov (Russia), President Alexander Lukashenko and Minister of Foreign Affairs Vladimir Makei in the time span of four years (from 2015 to 2018 inclusively) were collected. The research data consists of 15,897 tokens that were analysed within the analytical framework of Critical Metaphor Analysis (Charteris-Black, 2011; Musolff, 2016, 2018) by procedurally applying Pragglejaz Group's Metaphor Identification Procedure (2007). It has been determined that the collective identity of the international order is mainly represented by two metaphorical legitimacy strategies: value-systems and targeting, both serving two different ideological purposes of (1) reinstating Western multilateralism (Donald Tusk and Piotr Poroshenko) and (2) opposing it (Vladimir Putin, Sergey Lavrov, Alexander Lukashenko, Vladimir Malei). In addition to these, the leaders maintain their legitimacy by mobilising for collective action, establishing a set of obligations and victimising the in-group.

The leading role of U.S. foreign policy in the context of international politics is generally accepted as a political standard of multilateral hegemony (Hardt & Negri, 2000). With Donald Trump's victory in 2016, the globalised approach to international order has been questioned by the President himself and some of the decisions carried out by his administration (Druckman, 2019). The world media and national governments in Europe responded to such political rhetoric and actions as the U.S. plotted a trajectory towards unilateralism and isolationism. This study aims to clarify how the current international order is perceived by leaders representing the EU, Ukraine, Russia and Belarus. To achieve the above, the UN general assembly speeches delivered by President of the EU Council Donald Tusk (the EU), President Piotr Poroshenko (Ukraine), President Vladimir Putin and Minister for Foreign Affairs Sergey Lavrov (Russia), President Alexander Lukashenko and Minister of Foreign Affairs Vladimir Makei in the time span of four years (from 2015 to 2018 inclusively) were collected. The research data consists of 15,897 tokens that were analysed within the analytical framework of Critical Metaphor Analysis (Charteris-Black, 2011; Musolff, 2016, 2018) by procedurally applying Pragglejaz Group's Metaphor Identification Procedure (2007). It has been determined that the collective identity of the international order is mainly represented by two metaphorical legitimacy strategies: value-systems and targeting, both serving two different ideological purposes of (1) reinstating Western multilateralism (Donald Tusk and Piotr Poroshenko) and (2) opposing it (Vladimir Putin, Sergey Lavrov, Alexander Lukashenko, Vladimir Malei). In addition to these, the leaders maintain their legitimacy by mobilising for collective action, establishing a set of obligations and victimising the in-group.

The leading role of U.S. foreign policy in the context of international politics is generally accepted as a political standard of multilateral hegemony (Hardt & Negri, 2000). With Donald Trump's victory in 2016, the globalised approach to international order has been questioned by the President himself and some of the decisions carried out by his administration (Druckman, 2019). The world media and national governments in Europe responded to such political rhetoric and actions as the U.S. plotted a trajectory towards unilateralism and isolationism. This study aims to clarify how the current international order is perceived by leaders representing the EU, Ukraine, Russia and Belarus. To achieve the above, the UN general assembly speeches delivered by President of the EU Council Donald Tusk (the EU), President Piotr Poroshenko (Ukraine), President Vladimir Putin and Minister for Foreign Affairs Sergey Lavrov (Russia), President Alexander Lukashenko and Minister of Foreign Affairs Vladimir Makei in the time span of four years (from 2015 to 2018 inclusively) were collected. The research data consists of 15,897 tokens that were analysed within the analytical framework of Critical Metaphor Analysis (Charteris-Black, 2011; Musolff, 2016, 2018) by procedurally applying Pragglejaz Group's Metaphor Identification Procedure (2007). It has been determined that the collective identity of the international order is mainly represented by two metaphorical legitimacy strategies: value-systems and targeting, both serving two different ideological purposes of (1) reinstating Western multilateralism (Donald Tusk and Piotr Poroshenko) and (2) opposing it (Vladimir Putin, Sergey Lavrov, Alexander Lukashenko, Vladimir Malei). In addition to these, the leaders maintain their legitimacy by mobilising for collective action, establishing a set of obligations and victimising the in-group.

In the last 10 years, a highly productive space of metaphor analysis has been established in the discourse studies of media, politics, business, and education. In the theoretical framework of Conceptual Metaphor Theory and Critical Discourse Analysis, the restored metaphorical patterns are especially valued for their implied ideological value as realized both conceptually and linguistically. By using the analytical framework of Critical Metaphor Analysis and procedurally employing Pragglejaz Group's Metaphor Identification Procedure, this study aims at analyzing the implied value of the evoked metaphors in the mission statements of the first 20 European Universities, according to the Webometrics ranking. In this article, it is proposed that Universities' mission statements are based on the positive evaluation of the COMMERCE metaphor, which does not fully correlate with the ideological framework of sustainability education but is rather oriented toward consumerism in both education and society. Despite this overall trend, there are some traceable features of the conceptualization reflecting the sustainability approach to higher education, as related to freedom of speech, tolerance, and environmental concerns. Nonetheless, these are suppressed by the metaphoric usages evoking traditional dogmas of the conservative ideology grounded in the concepts of the transactional approach to relationship, competitiveness for superiority, the importance of self-interest and strength, and quantifiable quality.

In the last 10 years, a highly productive space of metaphor analysis has been established in the discourse studies of media, politics, business, and education. In the theoretical framework of Conceptual Metaphor Theory and Critical Discourse Analysis, the restored metaphorical patterns are especially valued for their implied ideological value as realized both conceptually and linguistically. By using the analytical framework of Critical Metaphor Analysis and procedurally employing Pragglejaz Group's Metaphor Identification Procedure, this study aims at analyzing the implied value of the evoked metaphors in the mission statements of the first 20 European Universities, according to the Webometrics ranking. In this article, it is proposed that Universities' mission statements are based on the positive evaluation of the COMMERCE metaphor, which does not fully correlate with the ideological framework of sustainability education but is rather oriented toward consumerism in both education and society. Despite this overall trend, there are some traceable features of the conceptualization reflecting the sustainability approach to higher education, as related to freedom of speech, tolerance, and environmental concerns. Nonetheless, these are suppressed by the metaphoric usages evoking traditional dogmas of the conservative ideology grounded in the concepts of the transactional approach to relationship, competitiveness for superiority, the importance of self-interest and strength, and quantifiable quality.

In the last 10 years, a highly productive space of metaphor analysis has been established in the discourse studies of media, politics, business, and education. In the theoretical framework of Conceptual Metaphor Theory and Critical Discourse Analysis, the restored metaphorical patterns are especially valued for their implied ideological value as realized both conceptually and linguistically. By using the analytical framework of Critical Metaphor Analysis and procedurally employing Pragglejaz Group's Metaphor Identification Procedure, this study aims at analyzing the implied value of the evoked metaphors in the mission statements of the first 20 European Universities, according to the Webometrics ranking. In this article, it is proposed that Universities' mission statements are based on the positive evaluation of the COMMERCE metaphor, which does not fully correlate with the ideological framework of sustainability education but is rather oriented toward consumerism in both education and society. Despite this overall trend, there are some traceable features of the conceptualization reflecting the sustainability approach to higher education, as related to freedom of speech, tolerance, and environmental concerns. Nonetheless, these are suppressed by the metaphoric usages evoking traditional dogmas of the conservative ideology grounded in the concepts of the transactional approach to relationship, competitiveness for superiority, the importance of self-interest and strength, and quantifiable quality.

In the last twenty years, a highly productive space of metaphor analysis has been established in discourse studies of media, politics, business and education. By using the analytical framework of Critical Metaphor Analysis (CMA) and procedurally employing Pragglejaz Group's MIP, this study aims at evaluating metaphor use in the mission statements of the first twenty European Universities, according to the Webometrics ranking. The findings have shown that the selected narratives are based on the positive evaluation of two conventionalized metaphors: HIGHER EDUCATION IS AN ACT OF COMMERCE and HIGHER EDUCATION IS A COMPETITIVE RACE. Using Lakoff's study of the conservative worldview and Goatly's work on the hidden complexity of capitalist ideology, it has been determined that the evoked metaphors do not correlate with the framework of sustainability education but are rather oriented towards pragmatic consumerism in both education and society. The most frequent metaphoric usages evoke market ideology based on the concepts of transactional approach to relationship, competitiveness for superiority, the importance of self-interest and strength, and quantifiable quality.

In the last 10 years, a highly productive space of metaphor analysis has been established in the discourse studies of media, politics, business, and education. In the theoretical framework of Conceptual Metaphor Theory and Critical Discourse Analysis, the restored metaphorical patterns are especially valued for their implied ideological value as realized both conceptually and linguistically. By using the analytical framework of Critical Metaphor Analysis and procedurally employing Pragglejaz Group's Metaphor Identification Procedure, this study aims at analyzing the implied value of the evoked metaphors in the mission statements of the first 20 European Universities, according to the Webometrics ranking. In this article, it is proposed that Universities' mission statements are based on the positive evaluation of the COMMERCE metaphor, which does not fully correlate with the ideological framework of sustainability education but is rather oriented toward consumerism in both education and society. Despite this overall trend, there are some traceable features of the conceptualization reflecting the sustainability approach to higher education, as related to freedom of speech, tolerance, and environmental concerns. Nonetheless, these are suppressed by the metaphoric usages evoking traditional dogmas of the conservative ideology grounded in the concepts of the transactional approach to relationship, competitiveness for superiority, the importance of self-interest and strength, and quantifiable quality.

In the last twenty years, a highly productive space of metaphor analysis has been established in discourse studies of media, politics, business and education. By using the analytical framework of Critical Metaphor Analysis (CMA) and procedurally employing Pragglejaz Group's MIP, this study aims at evaluating metaphor use in the mission statements of the first twenty European Universities, according to the Webometrics ranking. The findings have shown that the selected narratives are based on the positive evaluation of two conventionalized metaphors: HIGHER EDUCATION IS AN ACT OF COMMERCE and HIGHER EDUCATION IS A COMPETITIVE RACE. Using Lakoff's study of the conservative worldview and Goatly's work on the hidden complexity of capitalist ideology, it has been determined that the evoked metaphors do not correlate with the framework of sustainability education but are rather oriented towards pragmatic consumerism in both education and society. The most frequent metaphoric usages evoke market ideology based on the concepts of transactional approach to relationship, competitiveness for superiority, the importance of self-interest and strength, and quantifiable quality.

In the last ten years, Critical Metaphor Analysis has been specifically applied to different varieties of political discourse. Its efficacy has also been determined by the ideological potential of metaphor, especially in the language of politics. In this article, Critical Metaphors Analysis is applied to the New Year greetings of the presidents of the Baltic States with the purpose of discerning the ideological value of the established metaphors. The qualitative data analysis has been carried out in the analytical framework of Cognitive Linguistic Approach to Metaphor Analysis, and the Pragglejaz Group's MIP has been applied for detecting metaphorical linguistic expressions and subsequently restoring conceptual metaphors. In this article, it is proposed that the evoked metaphorical frames in the New Year Greetings of the presidents of the Baltic States are not gender-specific but rather conventional metaphors evoking the political worldview of conservative morality. This might imply that, by using conventional metaphors related to the male-dominated conservative worldview, a female president of Lithuania wants to sound right thus more convincing and authoritative. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.sal.0.24.6246 ; Šio straipsnio tikslas – nustatyti, kokį ideologinį vertinimą perteikia metaforos Baltijos šalių prezidentų naujametiniuose sveikinimuose. Tyrimui buvo pasirinkti dabartinių prezidentų (D. Grybauskaitės, T. H. Ilveso, A. Berzinio) 2009–2013 metų naujametiniai sveikinimai. Remiantis teoriniais kognityvi¬nės lingvistikos principais bei taikant kokybinį analizės metodą (angl. the Pragglejaz Group's MIP) yra ne tik nustatomi metaforiniai kalbiniai pasaky¬mai, rekonstruojamos metaforos, bet ir vertinama jų ideologinė reikšmė. Pagrindinis šio metodo principas yra siejamas su kontekstinės ir tiesioginės pasakymo reikšmės analize. Jeigu kontekstinė ir pagrindinė žodžio reikšmės skiriasi, bet yra įmanomas jų palyginimas, toks žodžių junginys pažymimas kaip metaforinis. Šio tyrimo metaforinių pasakymų analizė ...

This paper aims to analyse the cognitive perception of the spy swap (July 8-11, 2010) in the British and American media by reconstructing metaphorical frames and examining their implications. For that purpose, more than thirty British and American press sources were collected and analysed in the theoretical framework of cognitive linguistics (the Pragglejaz Group's MIP). The findings reveal that the reconstructed frames of the BUSINESS, RELATIONSHIP and MORALITY metaphors in the collected sample evoke rational approach to solving political problems in the U.S. – Russia diplomatic relations. This gives evidence to the fact that despite deeply entrenched cognitive model of pragmatism on the part of Russia and the U.S. ('world Superpowers'), Western media perceives rational politics as more acceptable thus morally right. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.sal.0.21.2352 ; Šio straipsnio tikslas – nustatyti, ką implikuoja 2010 m. įvykusių šnipų mainų metaforizacija Vakarų žiniasklaidoje. Tyrimui buvo pasirinkta apie trisde­šimt straipsnių iš įvairių Didžiosios Britanijos ir JAV žiniasklaidos šaltinių (BBC News, The Economist, The Daily Mail, The Reuters, The Associated Press, CNN News, The New York Times). Remiantis teoriniais kognityvinės lingvistikos principais bei taikant kokybinį analizės metodą (ang. the Pragglejaz Group's MIP) yra ne tik nustatomas kalbinių pasakymų metaforiškumas bet ir rekonstruojama metaforų ideologinė vertė. Pagrindi­nis šio metodo principas yra siejamas su kontekstinės ir tiesioginės pasakymo reikšmės analize. Jeigu kontekstinė ir pagrindinė žodžio reikšmė skiriasi, bet yra įmanomas jų palyginimas, toks žodis pažymimas kaip metaforinis. Šio tyrimo metaforinių pasakymų analizė leidžia teigti, kad 2010 m. įvykusius šnipų mainus Vakarų žiniasklaida grindžia trim metaforizacijos modeliais: ŠNIPŲ MAINAI – TAI VERSLAS, ŠNIPŲ MAINAI – POLITINIŲ SAN­TYKIŲ GERINIMO PRIEMONĖ ir ŠNIPŲ MAINAI – MORALUS POLITINIS AKTAS. Šių modelių lingvistinė charakteristika leidžia daryti prie­laidą, kad, nepaisant ...

The present study aims at reconstructing and contrasting the complex metaphor of POLITICIANS ARE RATIONAL ANIMALS in Lithuanian and British media political discourse. The research material consists of the analytical articles retrieved from the electronic archives of the www.economist.com and www.politika.lt websites in the time span of five years (i.e. 2002–2007). The method applied to investigate the collected data is that of con­tent analysis in the theoretical framework of cognitive linguistics and conceptual metaphor theory. The research findings reveal that the complex metaphor of POLITICIANS ARE RATIONAL ANIMALS is represented by the following source domains: STRENGTH and BUSINESS. Their use gives evidence of Pragmatic Morality shaping the system of political beliefs and expectations in Great Britain and Lithuania. In this view, morality is understood as a human invention explicitly devised to control combative and selfish tendencies in a society. The use of violence and force is thus seen as a constituent part of political activities. Moreover, moral politics is associated with coercive and forceful behaviour. The key concepts underlying pragmatic politics are STRENGTH, FORCE, CONTROL, ORDER, STABILITY, RULES etc.http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.sal.0.19.951 ; Šio straipsnio tikslas – remiantis metaforinių pasakymų analize, rekonstruoti vyraujančius politinių įvykių vertinimo modelius Didžiosios Britanijos ir Lietu­vos viešajame diskurse. Tyrimui buvo pasirinkti straipsniai iš The Economist ir www.politika.lt elektroninių archyvų. Straipsniai analizuojami remiantis kognityvinės lingvistikos principais bei kokybiniu analizės metodu, kurie leidžia rekonstruoti metaforiniuose kalbiniuose pasakymuose (metaphorical linguistic expressions) glūdinčias konceptualiąsias metaforas (kognityvinius vertinimo modelius). Nustatyta, kad politinis vertinimas Didžiosios Britanijos ir Lietuvos viešajame politiniame diskurse yra grindžiamas kompleksine konceptualiąja metafora POLITIKAI YRA RACIONALŪS GYVŪNAI. Išanalizavus šios ...

This study aims at analysing metaphorical expressions and reconstructing TERRORISM metaphors in British and Lithuanian media political discourse in the theoretical framework of cognitive linguistics and political philosophy (Lakoff and [ohnson 1999, [ohnson 1993, Elshtain 2004, Fairc/ough 2001, Spencer 2006, Turner 2002, etc.). For that purpose, thirty-six analytical articles, searched by the key word 'terrorism (En.) / terorizmas (Lith.)' were collected from the online archives of The Economist and www.politika.lt. The method applied to investigate the collected data is that of qualitative analy- sis in the theoretical framework of cognitive linguistics and conceptual metaphor theory (ŲYOUH06 2001, Fauconnier and Turner 2002, Kbvecses 2002, Lakoff 2001, 2002, etc.). The findings reveal that despite different time patterns of the collected data sources (i. e. English 2010; Lithuanian 2005, 2006,2007,2008) the analogous metaphors ofWAR, CRIME and HEALTH have been reconstructed. Their analysis shows the prevalence of pragmatic political morality to TERRORISM govern ed by the concepts of STRENGTH, ORDER and CONTROL. Even more, their use spreads fear of terrorism by exploiting the image of terrifying war scenes, serious criminal activities and the deadly virus rapidly contaminating social order.

This study aims at analysing metaphorical expressions and reconstructing TERRORISM metaphors in British and Lithuanian media political discourse in the theoretical framework of cognitive linguistics and political philosophy (Lakoff and Johnson 1999, Johnson 1993, Elshtain 2004, Fairclough 2001, Spencer 2006, Turner 2002, etc.). For that purpose, thirty-six analytical articles, searched by the key word 'terrorism (En.) / terorizmas (Lith.)' were collected from the online archives of The Economist and www.politika.lt. The method applied to investigate the collected data is that of qualitative analysis in the theoretical framework of cognitive linguistics and conceptual metaphor theory (Чудинов 2001, Fauconnier and Turner 2002, Kövecses 2002, Lakoff 2001, 2002, etc.). The findings reveal that despite different time patterns of the collected data sources (i. e. English 2010; Lithuanian 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008) the analogous metaphors of WAR, CRIME and HEALTH have been reconstructed. Their analysis shows the prevalence of pragmatic political morality to TERRORISM governed by the concepts of STRENGTH, ORDER and CONTROL. Even more, their use spreads fear of terrorism by exploiting the image of terrifying war scenes, serious criminal activities and the deadly virus rapidly contaminating social order.