Suchergebnisse

The Philippines is identified as one of the countries with an ageing population, as the proportion of persons aged 60 and above is at 7.4 percent in 2015 and is projected to increase to 15.9 percent by 2045. Senior citizens tend to have higher prevalence of various medical diseases and comorbidities. Moreover, they are less economically active compared to younger age groups. Thus, this projected increase in the number of senior citizens entails greater support needed in terms of health care and income security for the elderly. In response to this, the government has been enacting various legislations and implementing various social protection programs for senior citizens. Among the following are the mandatory coverage of senior citizens to PhilHealth, and retirement benefits and pension through SSS and GSIS for senior citizens previously involved in the formal economy, or through the social pension program for indigent senior citizens.

This study aims to understand the nuances and dynamics in the labor market outcomes of 4Ps beneficiaries. The 4Ps or Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program is the Philippine government's key social assistance program with the purpose of breaking inter-generational poverty by incentivizing human capital investment. To help achieve human capital development, accessing sustainable livelihood is crucial. Using the survey data sets collected and used in previously conducted studies on the 4Ps program, this study formed a panel of households and members in order to examine the changes or the lack of changes in labor status of individuals across the years. The idea is to draw insights that can be utilized in the design or redesign and implementation of related programs such as the Sustainable Livelihood Program for improving the labor market outcomes of 4Ps beneficiaries. The study finds a wide gender gap in terms of labor market status, with males being better off in having a stable work status. Meanwhile, majority of females exclude themselves from the labor force to do unpaid work in the form of household and family duties. The study highlights the importance of the Sustainable Livelihood Program, which was found to mostly benefit women, and the need for sustainable and fully-packaged livelihood programs that targets young women and young mothers in poorer communities. For women who engage in economic activities, the study found that they usually remain in the same industry within the period of interest. Meanwhile, male adult members of 4Ps households appear to be more flexible in the way they participate in the labor force. While these results reflect women's lack of flexibility because of their socially-dictated roles, these show important aspects for possible interventions for women in 4Ps households.

The Community-Based Monitoring System (CBMS), which is an organized technology-based system of collecting, processing and validating local-level data based on a census of households in the locality, was institutionalized by virtue of Republic Act No. 11315 in April 2019. This paper aims to illustrate uses of the CBMS in relation to the planning process of local government units. The study finds that since the CBMS provides disaggregated local-level data, local planners can use the CBMS to better identify and target vulnerable members of the society. Regular conduct of CBMS also offers the possibility of generating panel data, which can help monitor the impact of policies and programs on vulnerable households in the long run. Moreover, geotagging of households also support local officials in locating those at risk from natural hazards.

Poverty simulations suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic and the measures implemented by the government to contain the spread of the virus will increase the number of poor in the country. As such, various social safety nets were implemented by both the national and local government agencies to help the affected individuals, families, and enterprises cope with the economic effects of COVID-19 and to smoothen their consumption particularly during the initial stages of the national lockdown, albeit temporarily.

The Philippines is generally winning its fight against poverty as the magnitude and incidence of poverty, income gap, and severity of poverty have all decreased in 2018. Poverty decomposition analysis shows that both economic growth and income redistribution factors have equally contributed to the declining poverty levels. However, the decline in poverty gap and poverty severity is largely explained by income redistribution. On the other hand, while inequality measures indicate a more equal distribution of income, poverty indicators continue to vary widely across the regions. Given these developments, the Philippine government has been enacting different policies and programs, including the conditional cash transfer program, social pension program, progressive taxation policies, and universal access to tertiary education policy, to further address poverty and inequality in country in pursuit of eradicating all forms of poverty as targeted by the Sustainable Development Goals.

Typhoons, pests and other natural calamities cause the country, particularly the agricultural sector, significant damages. For instance, Typhoons Yolanda (Haiyan) and Ompong (Mangkhut) have caused PHP 35 billion and PHP 27 billion worth of agricultural damages, respectively, based on estimates by the Department of Agriculture. Given that a third of the country's workforce depend on the agriculture sector, it is crucial that efforts are undertaken towards mitigation of the effects of these shocks and risks. One of these efforts is agricultural insurance as provided for by the Philippine Crop Insurance Corporation (PCIC). Using information from the PCIC, key informant interviews and focus group discussions with agricultural producers, and findings from earlier studies on agricultural insurance, this study examines the constraints in, opportunities, and efforts for achieving impact and inclusion of agricultural insurance programs in the Philippines.

The Philippines is identified as one of the countries with an ageing population, as the proportion of persons aged 60 and above is at 7.4 percent in 2015 and is projected to increase to 15.9 percent by 2045. Senior citizens tend to have higher prevalence of various medical diseases and comorbidities. Moreover, they are less economically active compared to younger age groups. Thus, this projected increase in the number of senior citizens entails greater support needed in terms of health care and income security for the elderly. In response to this, the government has been enacting various legislations and implementing various social protection programs for senior citizens. Among the following are the mandatory coverage of senior citizens to PhilHealth, and retirement benefits and pension through SSS and GSIS for senior citizens previously involved in the formal economy, or through the social pension program for indigent senior citizens.

United Nations member-states, including the Philippines, committed to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to "conduct regular and inclusive reviews of progress at the national and sub-national levels, which are country-led and country-driven." The Voluntary National Review (VNR) aims to facilitate the sharing of experiences, including successes, challenges and lessons learned, with a view to accelerating the implementation of the 2030 Agenda. The VNR also seeks to strengthen policies and institutions of governments and to mobilize multi-stakeholder support and partnerships for the implementation of the SDGs. In particular, this VNR report examines where the country stands in several SDGs, analyzing baseline data and recent historical data on SDG indicators, as well as other supporting indicators and identifying challenges and constraints. With the theme, "Empowering people and ensuring inclusiveness and equality", the following set of goals were reviewed in depth in this report: SDG 4 (quality education), SDG 8 (decent work and economic growth), SDG 10 (reduced inequalities), SDG 13 (climate action), SDG 16 (peace, justice and strong institutions), and SDG 17 (partnerships).

This study aims to understand the nuances and dynamics in the labor market outcomes of 4Ps beneficiaries. The 4Ps or Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program is the Philippine government's key social assistance program with the purpose of breaking inter-generational poverty by incentivizing human capital investment. To help achieve human capital development, accessing sustainable livelihood is crucial. Using the survey data sets collected and used in previously conducted studies on the 4Ps program, this study formed a panel of households and members to examine the changes or the lack of changes in labor status of individuals across the years. The idea is to draw insights that can be utilized in the design or redesign and implementation of related programs such as the Sustainable Livelihood Program for improving the labor market outcomes of 4Ps beneficiaries. The study finds a wide gender gap in terms of labor market status, with males being better off in having a stable work status. Meanwhile, majority of females exclude themselves from the labor force to do unpaid work in the form of household and family duties. The study highlights the importance of the Sustainable Livelihood Program, which was found to mostly benefit women, and the need for sustainable and fully-packaged livelihood programs that target young women and young mothers in poorer communities. For women who engage in economic activities, the study found that they usually remain in the same industry within the period of interest. Meanwhile, male adult members of 4Ps households appear to be more flexible in the way they participate in the labor force. While these results reflect women's lack of flexibility because of their socially dictated roles, these show important aspects for possible interventions for women in 4Ps households.

The Community-Based Monitoring System (CBMS), which is an organized technology-based system of collecting, processing and validating local-level data based on a census of households in the locality, was institutionalized by virtue of Republic Act No. 11315 in April 2019. This paper aims to illustrate uses of the CBMS in relation to the planning process of local government units. The study finds that since the CBMS provides disaggregated local-level data, local planners can use the CBMS to better identify and target vulnerable members of the society. Regular conduct of CBMS also offers the possibility of generating panel data, which can help monitor the impact of policies and programs on vulnerable households in the long run. Moreover, geotagging of households also support local officials in locating those at risk from natural hazards.

Poverty simulations suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic and the measures implemented by the government to contain the spread of the virus will increase the number of poor in the country. As such, various social safety nets were implemented by both the national and local government agencies to help the affected individuals, families, and enterprises cope with the economic effects of COVID-19 and to smoothen their consumption particularly during the initial stages of the national lockdown, albeit temporarily.

The Philippines is generally winning its fight against poverty as the magnitude and incidence of poverty, income gap, and severity of poverty have all decreased in 2018. Poverty decomposition analysis shows that both economic growth and income redistribution factors have equally contributed to the declining poverty levels. However, the decline in poverty gap and poverty severity is largely explained by income redistribution. On the other hand, while inequality measures indicate a more equal distribution of income, poverty indicators continue to vary widely across the regions. Given these developments, the Philippine government has been enacting different policies and programs, including the conditional cash transfer program, social pension program, progressive taxation policies, and universal access to tertiary education policy, to further address poverty and inequality in country in pursuit of eradicating all forms of poverty as targeted by the Sustainable Development Goals.

United Nations member-states, including the Philippines, committed to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to "conduct regular and inclusive reviews of progress at the national and sub-national levels, which are country-led and country-driven". The Voluntary National Review (VNR) aims to facilitate the sharing of experiences, including successes, challenges, and lessons learned, to accelerate the implementation of the 2030 Agenda. The VNR also seeks to strengthen policies and institutions of governments and to mobilize multi-stakeholder support and partnerships for the implementation of the SDGs. In particular, this VNR report examines where the country stands in several SDGs, analyzing baseline data and recent historical data on SDG indicators, as well as other supporting indicators and identifying challenges and constraints. With the theme, "Empowering people and ensuring inclusiveness and equality", the following set of goals were reviewed in depth in this report: SDG 4 (quality education), SDG 8 (decent work and economic growth), SDG 10 (reduced inequalities), SDG 13 (climate action), SDG 16 (peace, justice and strong institutions), and SDG 17 (partnerships).