Suchergebnisse

Estamos entrando em uma era em que nosso planeta e nossa sociedade estão enfrentando crises importantes. Convivemos simultaneamente com três emergências importantes: 1) a crise na saúde, intensificada com a pandemia da Covid-19; 2) a crise de perda de biodiversidade; e 3) a emergência climática. Salienta-se que essas crises têm ligações profundas entre si, e diferenças também importantes, mas todas provocam impactos sociais e econômicos fortes e afetam o planeta globalmente. Elas são resultado de um modelo econômico que privilegia o desenvolvimento a qualquer custo, o lucro muito rápido, mesmo à custa da sustentabilidade. A crise da Covid-19 colocou questões importantes do ponto de vista de falta de governança global. Por sua vez, a crise climática tem potencial para danos socioeconômicos muito fortes, e seus efeitos já são facilmente visíveis. A perda de biodiversidade coloca em risco nossa segurança alimentar, bem como o equilíbrio do sistema terrestre. A Amazônia, por exemplo, contém milhares de vírus em sua fauna e flora, e a continuar o processo desenfreado de sua ocupação, novos vírus similares ao Sars-CoV-2 possivelmente entrarão em contato com nossa sociedade. Sair dessas três crises requer mudanças drásticas em nosso sistema econômico, insustentável em seu formato atual. Crescimento econômico contínuo em um planeta com recursos naturais finitos não é possível. A desigualdade em países em desenvolvimento e mesmo estre nações é explosiva e injusta. Precisaremos de um novo sistema de governança global que seja capaz de harmonizar medidas dos diferentes países, estados e municípios. A sustentabilidade em nosso planeta é possível e necessária. Teremos muito trabalho em construí-la nos próximos anos, comunidade científica, sociedade, governos e outros agentes. Não temos alternativas senão construir uma nova sociedade, mais justa e sustentável. ; We are entering an era in which our planet and our society face major crises. We live simultaneously with three important emergencies: 1) the health crisis, intensified by the Covid-19 pandemic; 2) the biodiversity loss crisis; and 3) the climatic emergency. It should be noted that these crises have profound links between them, and also important differences, but they all have strong social and economic impacts and affect the planet globally. They are the result of an economic model that favors development at any cost and very quick profits even at the expense of sustainability. The Covid-19 crisis posed important questions from the viewpoint of a lack of global governance. In turn, the climate crisis has the potential for very serious socio-economic damage, and its effects are already clearly visible. The loss of biodiversity puts our food security at risk, and the balance of the terrestrial system as well. The Amazon, for example, harbors thousands of viruses in its fauna and flora, and if the unrestrained process of occupation continues, new viruses similar to Sars-CoV-2 will possibly come into contact with our society. Overcoming these three crises requires drastic changes in our economic system, unsustainable in its current format. Continued economic growth on a planet with finite natural resources is not possible. Inequality in developing countries and even between nations is explosive and unfair. We will need a new system of global governance that is able to harmonize measures from different countries, states and municipalities. Sustainability on our planet is possible and necessary. We – the scientific community, society, governments and other stakeholders –will have a lot of work ahead of us in the coming years. We have no alternative but to build a new, more just and sustainable society.

Annotation ANALYTICAL METHODS AND PROCEDURES FOR ALL ASPECTS OF THE ENVIRONMENT - IN ONE HANDY REFERENCE! Here is the first book to bring together and fully explain the analytical methods and procedures used or every aspect of the environment - water, soil, and air. Designed to be the first point of reference for anyone wanting to monitor environmental variables, the "Handbook examines all the methods and problems associated with each monitoring method. Edited by an international team of four hands-on experts, "Environmental Monitoring Handbook covers all types of monitoring including: * Chemical * Biological * Hydrological * Ectotoxological * Microbiological * Physical You'll also find a thorough discussion of data analysis and experimental design as they pertain to environmental monitoring. If you're looking for a single definitive source of environmental monitoring information, your search ends here. Annotation.

One of the least understood aspects in atmospheric chemistry is how urban emissions influence the formation of natural organic aerosols, which affect Earth's energy budget. The Amazon rainforest, during its wet season, is one of the few remaining places on Earth where atmospheric chemistry transitions between preindustrial and urban-influenced conditions. Here, we integrate insights from several laboratory measurements and simulate the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) in the Amazon using a high-resolution chemical transport model. Simulations show that emissions of nitrogen-oxides from Manaus, a city of ~2 million people, greatly enhance production of biogenic SOA by 60–200% on average with peak enhancements of 400%, through the increased oxidation of gas-phase organic carbon emitted by the forests. Simulated enhancements agree with aircraft measurements, and are much larger than those reported over other locations. The implication is that increasing anthropogenic emissions in the future might substantially enhance biogenic SOA in pristine locations like the Amazon. © 2019, This is a U.S. government work and not under copyright protection in the U.S.; foreign copyright protection may apply.