Suchergebnisse

Within sustainable urbanism debate, environmental attitudes and behaviours shaping everyday activities and practices of urban communities have been a focus area. All the related work of at least 25 years have introduced the term 'ecological citizenship' as the newly, emerging dimension of Ecological City. In this context, the academicia ns, policy makers and environmentalists seek to find the strategies and tools to make the behavioural change for the modern urban societies towards implementing ecologica l citizenship. In this context, this research focusing on the term 'ecological citizenship', tries to obtain information for understanding Famagusta inhabitants' potential to embrace ecological citizenship as a way of living. Hence, besides seeking the most convenie nt solutions for the physical shortcomings of the Famagusta city with plans, legislat ions and so forth, accomplishing ecologically based, sustainable residents seems as a potentially crucial and significant requisite. Within this framework, firstly, the emergence of ecological citizenship has been evaluated, and then research problem and research objectives have been identified. Secondly modern environmentalism has been discussed and then Ecological City has been deliberated in its five known dimensions with the addition of 'ecologica l citizenship' as the fifth dimension after 'sustainable urban form', 'sustainab le transportation', 'urban ecology and biodiversity', and 'energy use and waste management'. Thirdly, the literature in the field has been reviewed and environmenta l behaviour as the nucleus of ecological citizenship has been evaluated. iv Following the literature review, a survey study has been developed. In this vein, firstly Famagusta has been evaluated based on the dimensions of Ecological City and then the findings of the Famagusta Area Study (FAS) has been interpreted. Then, based on these, a survey research model has been developed. Within this framework, a user survey that seeks to obtain data about the level of existing environmental awareness and concern, ecocentric and anthropocentric attitudes and also about environmenta l behaviours has been prepared. The user survey, carried out with the help of the firm 'The Management Centre of the Mediterranean', involved four sections; 165 inhabitants between 16 and 75 years old were randomly sampled within the territory of Famagusta municipality including all 16 quarters; it was undertaken in a time period of seven weeks (10 April - 03 June 2013). Finally, the findings of the user survey have been presented, interpreted, and conclusions were drawn based on the study, considering the local environmental peculiarities of Famagusta, N. Cyprus. According to the findings of the research, Famagusta residents' existing awareness and concern about environmental problems and issues, cannot achieve an adequate level in order to be one of the dynamics shaping their lifestyles. However, their environmental worldview is still at a medium level. Additionally, the survey findings indicate that environmentally based living will increase if the urban environment is improved in line with the requirements of sustainable urban environments. Keywords: Ecological City, Ecological Citizenship, Environmental Attitude and Behaviour, Famagusta, North Cyprus. ; ÖZ: Kentlerde çevreci ve sürdürülebilir yaşam tarzı benimsemiş topluluklar yaratabilmek amacıyla vatandaşların günlük alışkanlıklarının, tutum ve davranışlarının araştırılmas ı yaklaşık son 25 yıldır gündemde olup, sürdürülebilir kent planlama çalışma la r ı kapsamında gittikçe daha fazla önem kazanmaktadır. Tüm bu çalışmaların sonucunda 'çevreci vatandaşlık', Ekolojik Kent kavramının yeni boyutu olarak ortaya çıkmışt ır. Bu nedenle, akademisyenler, politikacılar ve çevreciler kent topluluklarını oluşturan bireylerin çevreci vatandaşlar olmaları için gerekli davranışsal değişimi sağlayacak strateji ve araçları saptamaya çalışmaktadır. Bu araştırma 'çevreci vatandaşlık' kavramına odaklanarak, Gazimağusa halkının çevreci vatandaşlık nosyonunu bir yaşam biçimi olarak benimsemesinin mevcut potansiyelini ölçmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu doğrultuda Gazimağusa kentinin fizik se l sorunlarının aşılması için planlar, yasalar, vs. aracılığıyla çözümler aranırken, kent halkının ekoloji dostu ve çevreci yaşam biçimini benimsemesi önemli bir zorunluluk olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu çerçevede, ilk olarak, 'çevreci vatandaşlık' kavramının ortaya çıkışı değerlendirilmiş ve ardından tezin araştırma problemi ve araştırma hedefler i belirlenmiştir. İkinci olarak, modern çevrecilik anlayışı tartışılmış ve sonrasında 'Ekolojik Kent', literatürde çoğunlukla ele alındığı şekilde, beş boyut kapsamında incelenmiş ve 'çevreci vatandaşlık' kavramı, 'sürdürülebilir kentsel biçim', 'sürdürülebilir ulaşım', 'kent ekolojisi ve biyo-çeşitlilik' ile 'sürdürülebilir enerji kullanımı ve atık yönetimi' boyutlarına beşinci boyut olarak eklenerek irdelenmişt ir. vi Üçüncü olarak, literatür araştırması yapılarak çevreci vatandaşlık ve bu kavramın temel bileşeni olan çevreci davranış değerlendirilmiştir. Dördüncü olarak Gazimağusa kenti, yapılan literatür araştırmasından elde edilen bilgiler ve kent için önemli bir kaynak olan Gazimağusa Kentsel Yaşam Kalitesi Araştırması (2010) bulguları ışığında ve Ekolojik Kent kavramının bilinen beş boyutu kapsamında irdelenmiş ve tezin araştırma modeli ve uygulanacak anket soruları belirlenmiştir. Bu model, Gazimağusa halkının çevresel farkındalık düzeyi, 'insan odaklı' ve 'çevre odaklı' tutumları ile üç kategoride çevreci davranışlarını araştıran bir kullanıcı anketinin hazırlanmasında kullanılmıştır. Dört bölümden oluşan kullanıc ı anketinin uygulanmasında 'The Management Centre of the Mediterranean' firmasından destek alınmıştır. 10 Nisan - 7 Haziran 2013 tarihleri yedi haftalık sürede gerçekleştirilen anketler, Gazimağusa belediye sınırları içindeki toplam 16 mahallede, 16-75 yaş aralığındaki katılımcılarla yapılmıştır. Son olarak, kullanıcı anketinin bulguları sunulmuş, yorumlanmış ve Gazimağusa'nın yerel farklılıkları dikkate alınarak sonuç, değerlendirme ve önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Bulgulara göre, Gazimağusa halkının çevre konuları ve sorunlarına ilişkin mevcut farkındalık ve ilgisinin, yaşam biçimlerinin şekillenmesine etki edebilecek seviyede olmadığı anlaşılmıştır. Ancak, katılımcıların çoğunluğunun yine de ortalamanın biraz üzerinde bir seviyede çevreci tutum sergilediği ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca katılımcıla r ın çoğunluğu, kentin sürdürülebilirlik özelliği geliştirilirse, daha çevreci bir yaşam şeklini benimseyebileceklerini belirtmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Ekolojik Kent, Çevreci Vatandaşlık, Çevreci Tutum ve Davranış, Gazimağusa, Kuzey Kıbrıs. ; Doctor of Philosophy in Architecture. Thesis (Ph.D.)--Eastern Mediterranean University, Faculty of Architecture, Dept. of Architecture, 2015. Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Derya Oktay.

Historical urban textures are the whole of the open and closed public spaces with the buildings and transportation axis, shaped by the cultural heritages of cities. One of the most important elements in historical urban textures, bringing dwellers with nature, and giving life to the city, are landscape spaces. The capital of Cyprus, Nicosia, also has a very rich historical texture. Within this context, the aim of this study is to examine the landscape of the historical urban texture of Nicosia from the past to the present, within the whole of various cultural periods including the present day status. Therefore, the development of Nicosia through the historical process is given right after the introduction. After the introduction, landscape of walled city of Nicosia was examined through the historical periods: Lusignan Period, Venetian Period, Ottoman Period, British Period, Republic of Cyprus Period, and the present day period, TRNC Period.

A dramatic demographic shift regarding urbanization is occurring globally. Between 2000 and 2050, the ratio of individuals in urban spaces is projected to rise from 46.6 % to 69.6%. Environmental pollution, urban heat island effect and climate change are among the hazardous effects of urbanization. Critical ecosystem services can be provided with urban green areas such as parks, roof gardens, streams, forests and community gardens etc. Walking, running or biking activities, psychological well-being and public health of urban inhabitants can also be supported via green space. Urban landscape areas are also significant for Cyprus as there is an on-going remarkable urbanization. Particularly, due to urbanization, the importance of green spaces in cities is becoming important. During this study, open and green space as urban landscape areas in Güzelyurt (Morphou) was investigated. This is the first study to examine user satisfaction and views of open and green spaces in Güzelyurt (Morphou) region, Cyprus. A questionnaire with 60 participants were conducted in order to understand respondents' suggestions about several aspects of existing open and green spaces in Güzelyurt, north Cyprus. According to the findings, respondents were mostly dissatisfied about urban and open spaces in the city. Our results indicate that local authorities or municipal organizations should legalize the planning of urban parks, open spaces and green areas with long term perspective. Keywords: Urbanization, Green space, urban park, landscape, Güzelyurt, Cyprus

Urban furniture can be defined as aesthetics and comfort elements that reflect the identity of a city and enable the urban space to become livable. Urban furniture is an important element of the city in order to improve the quality of urban life, to create a comfortable and reliable environment and to meet the needs of the users in the best way. For designing these elements, the social, economic, cultural and architectural structure of the city should be considered and evaluated. It is important to adapt the urban furniture to the urban texture and to the cultural structure achieving an urban identity, in order to ensure the survival and sustainability of the historical environments. In this study, a study was carried out in the context of urban furniture in Nicosia Walled City, which has many architectural cultures with its historical texture. In this context, firstly the concept of urban identity and urban furniture was explained and then, information about urban furniture was given in historical circles with urban furniture samples from different countries. As a field study, a main axis was determined and the streets and squares on this axis were discussed. These areas have been explored starting from Kyrenia Gate in North Nicosia; İnönü Square, Girne Street, Atatürk Square, Arasta Square, Lokmacı Barricade and on the south side Ledra Street and Eleftherias Square. In this context, the existing furniture in the North and South were determined and evaluated in terms of urban identity accordingly. As a result, it can be suggested that the existing street furniture equipments, especially on the north side, do not have any characteristic to emphasize the urban identity. According to the findings, it was determined that the urban furniture in the streets and squares on the north side is generally older and neglected, and does not provide a unity with the environment, whereas on the south side, these elements on the street and square are relatively new, functional and environmentally compatible.Key words: urban furniture, historical environment, urban identity, Nicosia Old City

Historical neighbourhoods are among the most significant indicators of the cities; as they involve history, culture, architecture and social life. It is very important to protect and ensure sustainability of these places. This goal needs to be achieved without damaging the urban identity via protecting the historic entities. Additionally the restoration and re-use works need to take place under the supervision and cooperation of related government bodies and civil society organisations. Nicosia with its Walled City is a historical environment with a rich architectural and cultural heritage that is currently the focal point of conservation and rehabilitation activities as a circle of urban design implementations. Within this framework in this study, the aim is to evaluate perception and views of the users about urban design implementations involving rehabilitation and conservation activities via survey. Based on the results, the users seemed satisfied with the outcomes of the rehabilitation and re-use of the buildings. However the participants also highlighted the existence of car parking problems, inadequate infrastructure and urban furniture and environmental pollution. Additionally the users do not prefer the areas that have not been renovated and the regions with low socio-cultural characteristics.
Keywords: Historical environment; urban design; user perception; Nicosia Walled City