Suchergebnisse

ABSTRACT
Recent research in global literature, with a focus on non-Anglophone and non-European literatures and cultures, has sparked a growing interest in utopian and dystopian narratives. These narratives present alternative world scenarios that unfold in both the present and the future. Amidst the escalating impact of the climate crisis in the Anthropocene, the complex issue of migration, and the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, speculative fiction in the Mediterranean region captures the fears, aspirations, and dreams of individuals concerning both the present and the future. Over the last three decades, authors in contemporary Türkiye have increasingly produced utopian and dystopian works. These speculative works exhibit a heightened focus on ecological breakdown, political polarization, gender roles, and the exercise of power. Çağrı Aktaş's Toprak Palas (Underground Station, 2018), a representative work of speculative fiction in contemporary Turkish literature, carries both utopian and dystopian undertones as it investigates the pressing challenges of Rahim, Aktaş's finely textured underground city. Through its open-ended structure, the narrative galvanizes readers into action, urging an expedited process of transformation toward a different future.

Abstract
Contemporary scholarship on speculative fiction has increased in Europe and the United States substantially in recent years. An upsurge in the number of speculative literary works and cinematic adaptations has played an instrumental role in this growing interest. Turkish writers have also joined this trend since they are now writing more speculative fiction. The aim of this study is therefore to present an overview of speculative fiction studies in Turkey and to introduce speculative fiction in Turkish literature from the second part of the nineteenth century until the present day. Such a projection will acquaint scholars with scholarship on speculative fiction and relevant literary production in Turkey. This critical survey hopes to pique international scholarly curiosity about the Turkish tradition of speculative fiction and to inspire a revitalization of relevant scholarship in Turkey.

TARAMATRDİZİN ; Contextual social, political, and cultural developments have a substantial impact on political drama. These events have a potential to function as inspirational sources for playwrights in terms of subject matter. Dramatist Caryl Churchill draws on social and political developments, merging reality with fictional scenarios. Churchill makes use of the 1989 Romanian Revolution in her play, Mad Forest (1990), a concrete example of how Churchill incorporates the historical reality into her literary legacy. In her discussion, she also draws on Bertolt Brecht's epic theatre and numerous Brechtian techniques such as the concept of alienation effect by means of music, songs, and dance, and surreal elements like vampire and angel, episodic structure, multiple casting, and open-endedness. Through specific references to the play and relevant secondary sources, this study will, therefore, discuss the 1989 Romanian Revolution as portrayed in the play by highlighting the epic theatre elements used in Mad Forest, and demonstrate how it does not become clear to certain characters in the play whether the revolution has really taken place or not. Through this discussion, this article will also indicate people's liability to manifest different attitudes and approaches under the influence of suppression, as a new discourse is reconstructed after the deconstruction of the initially adopted discourse. This analysis will ultimately expose the transitory nature of a specific paradigm within a specific period, the plurality of perspectives, and different facets of truth rather than one fixed definition.

Satire is a powerful technique used by numerous writers in order to reveal and criticize the problematic aspects of their societies. The contextual background of a literary work in this regard may play an instrumental role in such criticism, which is projected through either explicit or implicit satire depending on the choice of the writer. The Scottish writer Tobias Smollett's last novel, The Expedition of Humphry Clinker (1771), written in the epistolary form, is one of these literary texts that draws on satire through the technique of comparison, namely comparing England and Scotland. This article will in this respect present brief relevant information about the novel prior to the textual analysis and then discuss how Smollett makes use of satire, especially social and political satire illustrated from different characters' perspectives, in order to criticize England through letters with specific references from the primary text and relevant secondary sources.

Reader-response criticism as a reaction against new criticism has changed the focus from the text to the reader. The reader is no longer deemed a passive agent, but active, participating in the meaning-making process, as reading is a process during which the reader also experiences what the characters experience and feels with him/her. In this respect, the text and the reader interact with each other. Meaning is accordingly created out of this interaction and transaction. A multiplicity of meanings, perspectives and interpretations becomes possible in the process of reading. Each reading of a literary text produces different interpretations. Social, religious, political, psychological and cultural contextual factors and background of the reader have a strong potential to influence the interpretation. Accordingly, the characteristics of the interpretive community are influential in meaning-making. This study will, therefore, discuss reader-response criticism with specific emphasis on Iser's theory (the implied reader and repertoire) and apply the reader-response theory to Robert Browning's poem, My Last Duchess.

This article aims to introduce the British writer, Katharine Burdekin as a writer of speculative fiction and to critically deal with her literary utopia/dystopia, The End of This Day's Business (1935, 1989). Burdekin's brief biographical information, in conjunction with an analysis of her other significant work, Swastika Night (1937) is necessary for comprehending her concerns about the future and her utopian impulse. The article presents an analytical approach to the interconnectedness between gender politics, knowledge production and communication, and practice of power in the envisioned world order. It concerns Burdekin's representation of both the patriarchal and matriarchal world order and discusses her quest for the utopian impulse and constructive social change ; Este artículo pretende introducir a la escritora británica, Katharine Burdekin, como escritora de ficción especulativa, y también tratar críticamente su utopía/distopía literaria, The End of This Day's Business (1935, 1989). Para entender la preocupación de Burdekin con el futuro y también su impulso utópico, hace falta información biográfica y una referencia a su otra obra notable, Swastika Night (1937). Este artículo presenta un enfoque analítico de la interconexión entre la política de género, la producción y la comunicación del conocimiento, y la práctica del poder en el orden mundial imaginado. Se trata sobre su representación de los órdenes mundiales patriarcales y matriarcales, y sobre su búsqueda de un impulso utópico y un cambio social constructivo

ABSTRACT
This article describes the literary and academic interest in Thomas More's Utopia in Turkish literature and its translations into Turkish. More's text as a historically and literarily significant work appeals to academia and the general reader through its widespread reception in Turkey. This article also presents a brief survey of utopianism and a critical approach to some selected translations in terms of paratextual elements, language, and translators' domestication or foreignization preferences in these translations. It renders a brief list of some exemplary Turkish utopias and dystopias and touches on the repercussions of the utopian impulse in Turkish representations of alternative social orders. The article therefore aims to inform international scholars about the existence of constant interest in utopia in Turkey through an analytical interpretation of a selection of translations of More's Utopia and to thus contribute to a broader understanding of More's influence.