Suchergebnisse

GIS is increasingly becoming popular in many humane disciplines such as archaeology, anthropology. In our research we use it to support military historical reconstruction. We deal with the Attila-line, which was a defence line around Budapest in the secnd World War. Up to now the researchers could find only short descriptions and sketches about this defence line. Our goal was a detailed and reliable reconstruction, which contains environmental, object, and event parts. To get through with this task we had to collect and manage a lot of variable-quality archive data. This information comes from different sources: libraries, archives, archive maps and aerial photographs, field measurements, and personal reminiscences. We can manage this information in a standard system with GIS. The investigation consists of three main parts: the reconstruction of the contemporary environment, the reconstruction of the defence objects, and the reconstruction of the military events. This database can be used as a reference syste m to support further research and to identify new parts of the defence line. Using the attributes we can make queries and various reviews. The database is usable as a digital data archive, too. Our next research goal is to follow the search of the Attila-line and other defence lines and to present them to wider scientific and public audiences.

Governments are increasingly looking to vaccination to provide a path out of the COVID-19 pandemic. Hungary offers an example to investigate whether social inequalities compromise what a successful vaccine program can achieve. COVID-19 morbidity, mortality, and vaccination coverage were characterized by calculation of indirectly standardized ratios in the Hungarian population during the third pandemic wave at the level of municipalities, classified into deprivation quintiles. Then, their association with socioeconomic deprivation was assessed using ecological regression. Compared to the national average, people living in the most deprived municipalities had a 15–24% lower relative incidence of confirmed COVID-19 cases, but a 17–37% higher relative mortality and a 38% lower vaccination coverage. At an ecological level, COVID-19 mortality showed a strong positive association with deprivation and an inverse association with vaccination coverage (RRVaccination = 0.86 (0.75–0.98)), but the latter became non-significant after adjustment for deprivation (RRVaccination = 0.95 (0.84–1.09), RRDeprivation = 1.10 (1.07–1.14)). Even what is widely viewed as one of the more successful vaccine roll outs was unable to close the gap in COVID-19 mortality during the third pandemic wave in Hungary. This is likely to be due to the challenges of reaching those living in the most deprived municipalities who experienced the highest mortality rates during the third wave.