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International audience At the beginning of the 19th century, the dynamism of the old southwestern frontier put the Five Civilized Tribes (Choctaw, Chickasaw, Seminole, Creek and Cherokee) in the position of active participants in the making of the Early Republic due to their outstanding integration in the commercial and cultural exchanges with whites in the region. This phenomenon results from the fact that the Natives voluntarily adapted to American standards in order to ensure their integration within the American nation state and to preserve their sovereignty on their tribal lands. As it was in line with what settlers considered as « civilization », this transition from a traditional Indian society to a hybrid entity seemed to grant the Five Civilized Tribes a certain degree of legitimacy in the region. However, their removal west of the Mississippi enacted in 1830 proved that such was not the case. Yet, the creation of the Indian Territory, where the Five Tribes were forced to settle, seemed to give those « Americanized » Natives the opportunity to assume a position of strength in the West since it placed them in a central geopolitical position in the nineteenth century American landscape. This paper studies the role of Native women in this transformation of Indian identity before and after Removal. It will analyze how they modified the codes of Indian womanhood and femininity, using acculturation as a means to resist. ; Au début du XIXe siècle, le dynamisme tout particulier de la frontière du Vieux Sud-Ouest (Géorgie, Caroline du Sud et Tennessee) confère aux cinq nations dites « civilisées » (Choctaw, Chickasaw, Séminole, Creek et Cherokee) le statut d'agents actifs dans la construction de la jeune République, du fait de leur intégration exceptionnelle dans le tissu commercial et culturel de la région. Cela est dû notamment à une volonté autochtone d'entamer un processus d'adaptation aux standards civilisationnels américains, afin de garantir leur intégration dans la république et de maintenir leur ...

As historical evidence shows, there are multiple roads to such different forms of capitalism as 'traditional commercial capitalism' and 'political capitalism'. And, following Weber, not all of these forms can trigger the long term stable economic growth associated with Western rational capitalism. Although previous sociological analyses have improved our understanding of post-socialism, they have generated more controversy than theoretical convergence. This is because, the author contends, many sociological studies have neglected the political and historical aspects involved in the construction of markets in the former communist bloc. In this paper the author discusses the features of political capitalism in post-communist Romania, a case that has been infrequently addressed by mainstream analyses of Central and Eastern Europe. Specifically, the author analyzes the rise of political capitalism as an effect of Romania' s communist and post-communist political-institutional histories.

Bericht über ein vom Weltfriedensdienst (WFD) 1968 ins Leben gerufene Entwicklungsprojekt im Gebiet Westjordanien, durch das palästinensischen Frauen die Möglichkeit gegeben werden sollte, ihr eigenes Einkommen zu erwirtschaften durch die Gründung einer Stickereigenossenschaft; Entwicklung und Arbeit der Genossenschaft bis 1982/83 (Beendigung der Unterstützung des Projekts durch den WFD und Verhaftung des Kontaktmannes durch das israelische Militär) und Fortführung des Projektes durch Eigeninitiative der palästinensischen Frauen bis heute. (DÜI-Sdt)

"This work explores the foundational nature of mobility for human beings and their societies. The author puts forward a parsimonious but comprehensive model based on Extended Evolutionary Synthesis (EES) rationales. The selected case studies range from the emergence and expansion of humans to cattle domestication and beyond"--