Suchergebnisse

In the state of Sonora, Mexico, at the beginning of the Twentieth Century, the Chinese population faced vicious discrimination including Law 31. Promulgated by the state legislature in late 1923, Law 31 prohibited marriage and other intimate relations between Chinese men and Mexican women. Through amparo petitions in federal court, up to and including the Supreme Court of Mexico, Chinese Mexican couples challenged the discrimination inherent in Law 31. Chinese Mexican amparo petitions against Law 31 demonstrate both the challenges and possibilities that law provided to the disenfranchised in Mexico at the beginning of the Twentieth Century. ; En el estado de Sonora la población china enfrentó una manifiesta discriminación expresada en la Ley 31 de 1923. Esta Ley prohibía el matrimonio y la mestización entre hombres chinos y mujeres mexicanas. Por medio de peticiones de amparo, parejas mexicano-chinas desafiaron esta legislación, llegando con los procesos legales hasta la Suprema Corte de Justicia. En los años 1924 y 1925, jueces federales en Sonora aplicaron los principios de la Constitución y de la legislación federal para proteger a la población china. Las peticiones de amparo demuestran tanto los desafíos como las posibilidades que el derecho otorgó a los residentes de México en las primeras décadas del siglo XX.

Through Argentine Supreme Court cases, this article
focuses on legal constructs of women's citizenship and identity in
Argentina in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Although
the Supreme Court consistently denied having done so, its jurisprudence
created dependent citizenship for married Argentine women, conflating a
wife's identity with that of her spouse in both domicile and nationality
cases. Using concepts of consent, knowledge, and obligation found in
liberal political theory, judges and legal scholars justified a married
woman's dependent citizenship as the reasonable consequence of her own
independent choice. Yet the law--not a woman's choice--expatriated
her. The Supreme Court's conception of a unified marital identity
subsumed a married woman's nationality under her husband's citizenship and
reinforced her legal subordination to him. She was, at the same moment,
both Argentine and not Argentine, depending on the particular issue at
hand and her husband's national status.

Between October 1, 2014, and March 1, 2023, the US Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR) took custody of 568,890 unaccompanied migrant children. Drawing on a unique dataset that ORR produced in response to Freedom of Information Act requests and litigation, we provide the first comprehensive, long-term demographic study of the population of unaccompanied migrant children while in ORR custody. Our analysis reveals the children's differential treatment and experiences across time and demographic characteristics. We contextualize ORR's treatment of the children in its custody by identifying legal standards governing their care. We also examine how specific instances of legal, political, and social change in the United States correlate with fluctuations in the origin-based demographics of unaccompanied migrant children seeking refuge in the United States. Results highlight the differential treatment and intense uncertainty that unaccompanied migrant children face in the United States based on their age, gender, country and region of origin, ORR program placements, and discharge types.