Suchergebnisse

"This title was first published in 2002. This original text studies the UN system for the maintenance of international peace and security in the face of threats to the peace, breaches of the peace and acts of aggression. It assesses the Security Council attempts to employ enforcement measures under Chapter VII of the UN Charter in response to inter-state and intra-state conflicts, paying attention to the effect of the Council's increasing involvement in internal situations, both on the development of the system and on the outcome of conflicts. Filling a notable lacuna in contemporary literature, Mohamed Osman studies peace enforcement on its own and within an independent theoretical and empirical framework. The book will appeal both to students of the UN and humanitarian intervention, but also to international lawyers and political philosophers concerned with questions of intervention and sovereignty. In addition, its detailed case studies make the volume an excellent reference tool."--Provided by publisher.

The bank shall assess its client's creditworthiness; assess the extent to which the client requesting the financing is eligible to be granted the bank's financing or not. Assessing such eligibility shall be based on real reasons and facts so the bank could defend such responsibility in case of prosecution, based on its decision to approve or reject funding and its justified reasons and facts. On the other hand, the credit decision maker should be familiar with the previous transaction financing, because such information contributes to the formation of an opinion of the decision maker that in turn determines the offer of the fund or not. So, the credit information is the base for the decision maker upon which the idea about the customer's eligibility who demands credit funding is formed. The Emirati legislative significantly contribute to the literature of credit information, through establishing a specialized company which monopoly credit information operation. Such credit information report offers the banks several benefits due to the abundance of information contained obtained from the companies several information suppliers. Such matter leads to information abundance needed by the report, enabling the credit decision-maker to assess the client's eligibility, where the company's provider abides by providing true information.

The over-congestion of the Nile valley and Delta region led to the political conclusion that new desert cities were necessary to attract the ever-growing population and reduce the pressure on existing Nile Valley cities. The new desert cities that were meant to house a total population of 12 million people, today, four decades after the initiative started, only house a fraction of this target population, failing to attract residents in spite of the countless housing units left vacant. It is important to study the underlying factors that led to this urban problem and population gap to inform the planning process of future cities. In an urban context like Egypt's with two thirds of its urban population residing in informal settlements, it becomes necessary to acknowledge this reality and to study extensively the phenomenon of informality, especially in planning practices to see how it may inform the rise of more integrative and sustainable built environments. This research aims to shed light on the interplay between the formal and informal development processes and how (if it all) it can create alternative sustainable urban growth models. Through a qualitative phenomenological research approach, two neighborhoods are studied in depth to reach a profound comprehension of their 'reality', in the Tenth of Ramadan City, which was the first new city to be established. Megawra 14, which contains the only Core Housing Scheme in the Tenth of Ramadan City and can be considered a case of interplay between formal and informal development, and Megawra 13, which contains governmental public housing apartment buildings and considered a formally planned neighborhood. Followed by a sustainability analysis, which shed light on how sustainable the opposite planning strategies of the two neighborhoods are, under the three dimensions of social, physical and economic sustainability. The three dimensions were further subcategorized into emergent themes, such as, sense of ownership, safety, density, utilization of space and accessibility to services, reflecting on each neighborhood's degree of sustainability for each theme. The analysis conveys the strengths and weakness of both contrasting neighborhoods in terms of their sustainability. Finally arriving to the conclusion that the many new Egyptian cities in their planning stages can benefit a lot by integrating informal development patterns in their formal planning models to yield sustainable built environments that attract, enable and empower the complex, characterful and vibrant culture of the Egyptian population.