Suchergebnisse

The question of how ethnic conflicts can be turned from violence to peace has become an urgent one for both scholars & policymakers. Some scholars have suggested that violent ethnic conflict leaves only one possible solution: the permanent separation of warring groups. Others have suggested that conflict endings are reliant on the intervention of outside mediators, or the depth of hostility between the two sides, or the balance of military power between them. This paper will examine these arguments empirically, by comparing the characteristics of conflicts & types of settlements reached across 48 violent nationalist conflicts, 1945-1996. Tests will examine correlations between level of violence, third-party involvement, stereotyping, power balance, & type of resolution & duration of conflict. The results suggest that while the level of violence can have some impact on conflict outcomes, third-party involvement can have a consistently significant impact, both ameliorating & exacerbating conflict. 1 Appendix, 28 References. Adapted from the source document.

Overview of conflicts involving nationalist groups within states during and after the Cold War; based on data measuring initiation, duration, and severity of conflicts from 1945-96.

Recent events around the world have convinced political scientists and policymakers that nationalist conflicts are an important feature of the post-Cold War world. Conflicts in Bosnia, Chechnya, Kosovo, and Kurdistan have all been prominent in headlines in recent years; but such conflicts are not just a post-Cold War phenomenon, and many have been going on for decades. This article outlines the scope of this phenomenon - violent conflicts between nationalist groups within states - in the post-war period. It presents a dataset of violent nationalist conflicts within states from 1945 to 1996, measuring cases in terms of initiation, duration, and intensity of conflict, and comparing this effort to other intrastate conflict data collections. The characteristics of these conflicts before and after the Cold War are examined, to test the popular notion that the end of the Cold War has `unleashed' a new era of nationalist strife. This survey concludes that these conflicts are not simply a post-Cold War phenomenon, nor has the end of the Cold War brought an unprecedented wave of new nationalist conflicts to the world. On the contrary, many such conflicts do get resolved, and more have been resolved in the past ten years - particularly by peaceful methods - than in any comparable period in recent history.