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"The US withdrawal from the Iran nuclear deal in May 2018 and the return of international sanctions against Tehran turned out to have enormous implications for the Middle Eastern country's commercial interactions with its largest trading partner, China, affecting corrosively every aspect of economic, financial, and technological relationship between the two sides."

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- About the Author -- Chapter 1: The Sweep of Iran Sanctions: Its Essence and Eastern Entanglement -- Sanctions in Theory -- Conventional Sanctions Theory and Iran: From Targeted to Comprehensive Sanctions -- The Panorama of Iran Sanctions -- Rampant Domestic and International Implications -- East Asians Get Involved -- Chapter 2: Sanctions Reverberate: Stoking up Political Allegiance -- The Saga: A Long and Curved Road to "the Strongest Sanctions in History" -- Allies Mobilized: The United States and Its Partners -- A Rank Outsider in Search of Companionship -- Shared Visions: Iran and China Team Up -- Excelsior with Iran: A Special Role for Japan -- Chapter 3: Targeting the Lifeline: Oil and Energy Security in Trouble -- Customers Switched: Supplying a Bulk of the Crude to East Asia -- Resource Diplomacy: The Role and Significance of Oil Factor -- Cherry on the Cake: Discounted Oil -- The Problem with Insurance and Shipping: The Sanchi Drama -- Crude Exports Go Versatile: From Oil for Goods to Oil for Gasoline to Oil for Gold -- Dwindling to a Trickle: Waivers and Total Ban -- Oil and the Straits: A Leverage to No Avail or a Chastening Experience? -- Chapter 4: In Other Party's Terms: Frozen Oil Funds -- Asset Freeze and Blocked Funds: The Prehistory -- The Banking Barrier and Unreturned Oil Revenues -- China: The Contentious Currency Deal -- Japan: Stuck Between a Domineering Ally and an Unfeigned Friend -- South Korea: "Alliance Spirit" Goes Through Its Paces -- Resorting to Gunboat Diplomacy: Seizing Korean Oil Tanker -- Chapter 5: Clogged Up: The World of Non-oil Banking and Credit Matters -- Tightening Financial Noose: The Trauma of Banking Transactions -- Swindling State and Paranoid Population: Hoarding Gold and Foreign Currency -- Loans and Credits: Hostage to Political Will.

This study is comprised of six chapters each of which concentrates on a different aspect of East Asia's advantageous engagement in contemporary Middle East, scrutinizing various critical factors which helped East Asian nations to benefit significantly from all circumstances favorable to them in those important areas in the region.

"Major Middle East nations are looking east, seeking to forge closer ties with the quickly rising Asia. This may represent a new sort of geo-magnetic reversal, as this time the poles flip from West to East, with potentially the same shocking reverberations of a North-South polar reversal. This work reviews the "Look East" approach of Iran, Israel, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Iraq and Egypt"--

"Major Middle East nations are looking east, seeking to forge closer ties with the quickly rising Asia. This may represent a new sort of geo-magnetic reversal, as this time the poles flip from West to East, with potentially the same shocking reverberations of a North-South polar reversal. This work reviews the "Look East" approach of Iran, Israel, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Iraq and Egypt"--

China in the Middle East: Aspiring to become a great powerbroker -- Japan: Eyeing a new role in Middle East Affairs -- South Korea: A relentless quest for a second boom -- North Korea: Seeking normalcy since the demise of Kim Il-Sung -- Unknown and undetected: Taiwan's resilient and viable approach -- Dollar dances with Dirham: Hong Kong's growing Mideast role.

Intro; Preface; Introduction; The Literature And Its Limitations; Plan Of The Book; Chapter 1. Incompatible Yet Inundated: Diplomatic, Political, And Military Links; The Classical Connections; Landing On Terra Nova: Modern Korea Discovers Iran; Switching Allegiance: The Post-Pahlavi Era; The War And Its Spoils For Both Koreas; Rekindling The Ties That Barely Bind; Vowing To Move Forward: Putting A Spotlight On Tehran-Pyongyang Ties; The Fictitious Axis: Iran And North Korea Team Up; In One Single Package: Muddling Through Sanctions

"As tensions rise again, few of us are aware that the two Koreas have been quite active in Iran ever since the 1960s. The author, an Iranian expert on Iranian-East Asian relations, looks into the reasons behind the significant political, cultural, and above all commercial ties."--Provided by publisher.

"This book is a detailed survey of lengthy and protracted fieldwork in which the author explains with rare candid clarity an appreciable chasm between the Korea he knew before landing on the peninsula and the one he studied incessantly and practically as a detached investigator in the place. By engaging this book, many unbiased and unprejudiced readers would have to acknowledge that the modern Korea is not all about certain brands or economic statistics that we often hear, but there are also many other social and cultural developments which the modernity project has imposed, somewhat arbitrarily, upon the nation"--Provided by publisher

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Introduction -- Research idea -- Framework of analysis -- Significance of the study -- Methodological approach -- Book structure -- Notes -- 1. Early encounters and rivalries: Reaching out to the Persian Gulf -- Post-Korean War politics and economy: A securitized peninsula -- Postwar politics -- A dire economic situation -- Approaching the Persian Gulf: Goodwill missions -- Contacts from Turkey -- Establishing diplomatic relations -- A new national agenda: Industrialization and economic development -- A strong state in charge -- International components -- An increase in economic and political interaction: The energy factor -- Economic exchanges -- Rivalry with North Korea -- Notes -- 2. The oil boom and the ensuing construction bonanza -- The Korean Cause meets the Arab Cause: The first oil shock -- The Israeli factor in Korean-Arab relations -- North Korea seizes the occasion -- Petrodollars and a new desire for foreign goods -- Hitting the jackpot: The construction bonanza -- Korean workers in the Persian Gulf -- The government assumes the mantle -- Less visible factors -- The promotion of exports -- Working on long-term foundations: Tracing historical roots -- Religious and academic bodies -- VIP visits -- Developing better ties with the Persian Gulf: Major bilateral relations -- South Korea-Iran relations -- South Korea-Saudi Arabia relations -- Notes -- 3. Coping with crisis: The South's loss is the North's gain -- Changing circumstances at home and in the Persian Gulf -- The second oil shock -- Toward energy security -- The Iran-Iraq War -- Relations with Iran -- Relations with Iraq -- Military connections -- North Korea's golden opportunity: The DPRK's relationship with Iran -- Arms trade with Tehran -- Rupturing relations with Iraq.

Analysing the Korean Peninsula's contemporary engagement with the Persian Gulf region from the 1950s to the present day, the book begins by asking what drew Koreans to the region in the first place, and under what circumstances? While taking into account a combination of both external and internal parameters shaping the dynamics of the Korean Peninsula's interactions with the Persian Gulf region, this book largely concentrates on the agency factor to analyze the nature and scope of a rather multifaceted relationship between the two sides. The Republic of Korea has, in fact, maintained diverse connections to every single country in the Persian Gulf over the past decades, and its rather considerable activities and accomplishments in the region all justify such priority and overwhelming focus. North Korea's record in the Persian Gulf, however, is predominantly constrained to its relationship with Iran, though Pyongyang has pursued relationships with some other states in the region. This book studies such elements of Pyongyang's actions in the region as appendage to South Korea's attainments. Employing a process-tracing research method, this book is of interest for policy-makers, students and scholars of International Relations, Middle East Studies and Asian Studies.

AbstractThe history of the past two decades has proved that top Korean leaders can make a real difference in terms of their previous experiences and personal engagement in securing the Republic of Korea's (ROK) vested interests in the Middle East. For decades, South Korea had handed over its day‐to‐day interactions with Middle Eastern countries to the Korean bureaucracy led by the relevant departments and subaltern officials at the foreign ministry and other state institutions. This approach, however, seems rather dysfunctional today, requiring key Korean officials, especially the president, to get involved personally in the ROK's increasingly multifaceted relationships with Middle Eastern nations. This article reappraises the new Korean orientation by highlighting some of the major developments involving both sides during the past several years. The main argument is that the ROK is facing increasingly serious difficulties in sorting out its policy behaviors toward Middle Eastern countries as Korea is striving to strike a delicate balance between its own expanding commercial interests in the region and what the United States expects from South Korea with regard to the topsy‐turvy world of politics in the Middle East.