EEC CODE OF CONDUCT FOR FIRMS WHOSE HOME BASE IS IN THE MEMBER STATE OF THE COMMUNITY WITH SUBSIDIARY OPERATIONS IN SOUTH AFRICA IS EXAMINED AS A FOREIGN POLICY INSTRUMENT. THE GENESIS OF THE CODE AND THE VARYING NATIONAL RESPONSES TOWARD IT ARE DESCRIBED, WITH EMPHASIS ON THE GERMAN AND BRITISH VIEWS TOWARD ITS DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION. FUTURE PROSPECTS FOR ITS ENFORCEMENT ARE DISCUSSED.
THROUGH A COMBINATION OF HISTORICAL CONNECTIONS AND CLOSE INTEREST ON THE PART OF MARGARET THATCHER AND OTHER KEY FIGURES, THE BRITISH GOVERNMENT ENJOYS CLOSE CONTACTS AND A CERTAIN INFLUENCE WITHIN SOUTH AFRICA. THIS ARTICLE DISCUSSES BRITAIN'S INTERESTS IN SOUTH AFRICA IN THE INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC SETTING, AND OUTLINES FUTURE OPTIONS FOR POLICY.
THE ARTICLE ATTEMPTS TO APPLY THE BEST OF PSYCHOLOGY TO THE GENERATION OF POLITICAL PEACE AND FREEDOM AND JUSTICE, WHICH IS WHAT HUMANS NEED AS CONDITIONS FOR THE GOOD LIFE. IT CITES EXAMPLES "CRUCIAL TO THE MEANINGFULNESS OF POLITICAL PSUCHOLOGY." THESE EXAMPLES INCLUDE: INDEPENDENT ANARCHY; EXOTIC DEMOCRACY; COMMUNITY, VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL; AND WAYS OF JUDGING POLITICANS.
The following recommendations are made: increased Medicaid reimbursement for head injury patients to public hospitals that provide care to disproportionately large numbers of these unemployed, uninsured patients, develop comprehensive federal control legislation concerning gun control, develop violence prevention programs such as curricula to combine public health and criminal justice approach, develop trauma registry for neurologic injuries (brain and spinal cord), enforce the use of seat belts and cycle helmets, develop practice guidelines for traumatic brain-injured patients, continue research into the mechanisms and management of brain swelling, neuronal regrowth and transplantations, and other mechanisms to overcome neurologic deficits as well as continue research on post-traumatic syndrome, which results from minor head injuries yet causes significant morbidity and costs, and establish comprehensive rehabilitation and habilitation programs to include physical, cognitive, and behavioral approaches and support systems (eg, "halfway house").
Objectives: To investigate the relation between perceived neighbourhood environment, social contact and support, and self efficacy, on the health of older people.Design: British cross sectional population survey of people aged 65 and over.Participants: 999 people aged 65 plus living at home in Britain.Results: Regression modelling showed that high self efficacy had a strong independent association with better self rated health status and physical functioning. Indicators of perceived neighbourhood environment that showed strong associations with both good health and functioning were: perceptions of good quality facilities in the area (social/leisure, facilities for people aged 65+, rubbish collection, health services, transport, closeness to shops, somewhere nice to walk), and high levels of neighbourliness (knows/trusts people). Perceptions of problems in the area (noise, crime, air quality, rubbish/litter, traffic, graffiti) were also predictive of poorer health. Measures of social contact and support did not show any independent associations with health or functioning.Conclusions: The unique value of this paper is in the simultaneous analysis of associations between perceived neighbourhood, social contact and support, self efficacy, and health. The consistent strength of older people's perceptions of the quality of facilities in their neighbourhoods shows that responsive reinforcement of local infrastructures might have wider health benefits. Also of interest was the strength of self efficacy as a predictor of self rated health and physical functioning. The results have implications for both neighbourhood level interventions and self management programmes in chronic illness.
