Suchergebnisse

Concise historical review of 20 years of interdisciplinary Luxembourg studies before the foundation of the University of Luxembourg

ABSTRACTWe introduce a bipolarly extended veto principle—a positive, as well as negative, large performance differences polarization—which allows us to extend the definition of the classical outranking relation in such a way that the identity between its asymmetric part and its codual relation is preserved. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

ABSTRACTWe propose an indirect approach for assessing criteria‐importance weights from overall outranking statements that a decision maker may acknowledge in a multiple‐criteria decision aid process. Our approach takes advantage of the bipolar characteristic valuation of the overall outranking and the stability of its associated median‐cut, crisp outranking relation. Numerical criteria‐importance weights are inferred with the help of a mixed‐integer linear programming model for which we present tests results under different configurations and tunings. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

International audience ; One of the most important concerns of the European Union is the provision and continuous improvement of goods and services within the Europe of today and tomorrow. Among the technologies used for this purpose, the Internet has become a powerful vehicle of services rather than just a repository of information. Many organizations are struggling to put their core business competences on the Internet as a collection of e-services, while customers may retrieve these services from the web and fuse them into combinations of new value-adding e-services in different ways. The 17 articles gathered in this feature issue originate in the 20th EURO Conference, held in Rhodes Islands in July 2004. The main theme of the conference – OR AND THE MANAGEMENT OF ELECTRONIC SERVICES – dealt with the contribution of operational research philosophies, methods and techniques to the design, performance and delivery of e-services. Finally selected papers target towards the academic and practical aspects of e-Commerce, e-Business and e-Government.

International audience ; One of the most important concerns of the European Union is the provision and continuous improvement of goods and services within the Europe of today and tomorrow. Among the technologies used for this purpose, the Internet has become a powerful vehicle of services rather than just a repository of information. Many organizations are struggling to put their core business competences on the Internet as a collection of e-services, while customers may retrieve these services from the web and fuse them into combinations of new value-adding e-services in different ways. The 17 articles gathered in this feature issue originate in the 20th EURO Conference, held in Rhodes Islands in July 2004. The main theme of the conference – OR AND THE MANAGEMENT OF ELECTRONIC SERVICES – dealt with the contribution of operational research philosophies, methods and techniques to the design, performance and delivery of e-services. Finally selected papers target towards the academic and practical aspects of e-Commerce, e-Business and e-Government.

International audience ; One of the most important concerns of the European Union is the provision and continuous improvement of goods and services within the Europe of today and tomorrow. Among the technologies used for this purpose, the Internet has become a powerful vehicle of services rather than just a repository of information. Many organizations are struggling to put their core business competences on the Internet as a collection of e-services, while customers may retrieve these services from the web and fuse them into combinations of new value-adding e-services in different ways. The 17 articles gathered in this feature issue originate in the 20th EURO Conference, held in Rhodes Islands in July 2004. The main theme of the conference – OR AND THE MANAGEMENT OF ELECTRONIC SERVICES – dealt with the contribution of operational research philosophies, methods and techniques to the design, performance and delivery of e-services. Finally selected papers target towards the academic and practical aspects of e-Commerce, e-Business and e-Government.

Animal health surveillance is an important tool for disease mitigation and helps to promote animal health and welfare, protect human health, support efficient animal production, and enable trade. This study aimed to assess adoption of recommended standards and best practice for surveillance (including risk-based approaches) in Europe. It included scoping interviews with surveillance experts in Denmark, the Netherlands, Norway, and Switzerland to gather information on knowledge acquisition, decisions and implementation of surveillance, and perceptions. This was followed by an online survey among animal health and food safety surveillance users in EU, EEA, and Schengen countries. A total of 166 responses were collected from 27 countries; 111 were eligible for analysis. A strong preference for legislation and established standards was observed, with peer-reviewed publications, conferences, symposia, and workshops to be major sources of information. The majority of respondents indicated a need for international evaluation for surveillance and implied that considerations of cost-effectiveness were essential when making a decision to adopt new surveillance standards. However, most of the respondents did not use a formal evaluation to inform the adoption of new standards or only conducted a descriptive assessment before their implementation or adaptation. Only a few respondents reported a quantitative economic evaluation despite economic efficiency being considered as a highly relevant criterion for surveillance implementation. Constraints mentioned in the adoption of new surveillance standards included insufficient time, financial and human resources, and lack of competency. Researchers aiming to achieve impact by their surveillance work are advised to consider ways of influencing binding standards and to disseminate their work pro-actively using varied channels of engagement tailored to relevant target audiences and their needs. Generally, a more formal linkage between surveillance information and disease mitigation ...

Animal health surveillance is an important tool for disease mitigation and helps to promote animal health and welfare, protect human health, support efficient animal production, and enable trade. This study aimed to assess adoption of recommended standards and best practice for surveillance (including risk-based approaches) in Europe. It included scoping interviews with surveillance experts in Denmark, the Netherlands, Norway, and Switzerland to gather information on knowledge acquisition, decisions and implementation of surveillance, and perceptions. This was followed by an online survey among animal health and food safety surveillance users in EU, EEA, and Schengen countries. A total of 166 responses were collected from 27 countries; 111 were eligible for analysis. A strong preference for legislation and established standards was observed, with peer-reviewed publications, conferences, symposia, and workshops to be major sources of information. The majority of respondents indicated a need for international evaluation for surveillance and implied that considerations of cost-effectiveness were essential when making a decision to adopt new surveillance standards. However, most of the respondents did not use a formal evaluation to inform the adoption of new standards or only conducted a descriptive assessment before their implementation or adaptation. Only a few respondents reported a quantitative economic evaluation despite economic efficiency being considered as a highly relevant criterion for surveillance implementation. Constraints mentioned in the adoption of new surveillance standards included insufficient time, financial and human resources, and lack of competency. Researchers aiming to achieve impact by their surveillance work are advised to consider ways of influencing binding standards and to disseminate their work pro-actively using varied channels of engagement tailored to relevant target audiences and their needs. Generally, a more formal linkage between surveillance information and disease mitigation decisions—for example, by using systematic evaluation—could help increase the economic value of surveillance efforts. Finally, a collaborative, international platform for exchange and learning on surveillance as well as co-design and dissemination of surveillance standards is recommended.