This book is an in-depth study of one of the most important agreements in the recent history of EU-developing world relations: the Lomé convention--the principles upon which all relations between the states of the European Union and ACP (African, Caribbean and Pacific) countries are based. Over the course of its 25-year life, the Convention has been altered to suit the changing relationship of those states involved. This historical study not only charts the course of that vital relationship between haves and have-nots but also, in its changing focus and shifting concerns, reflects recent broad
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Abstract Jordan Peele's Nope (2022) features a shape-shifting and Cthulhu-esque alien that feeds off settlers and other arrivants in the California desert. Focusing in particular on the Haywoods, a family of Hollywood horse wranglers descended from the otherwise anonymous Black rider on the horse of Eadweard Muybridge's famous Animal Locomotion Plate 626, Nope can be read as suggesting the ubiquitous nature of anti-Black violence. Furthermore, this essay will suggest that the informe nature of the alien, referred to in the film as Jean Jacket, and which eventually reveals itself to be something like a giant jellyfish, also mirrors the way in which Blackness has historically been—and continues to be—treated likewise as informe, or what Zakiyyah Iman Jackson refers to as "plastic." In other words, Nope suggests that Blackness is linked in the white Western imagination to plasticity and animality, as made clear by the restaging in Peele's film of the Muybridge sequence, but now featuring Jean Jacket and OJ Haywood (Daniel Kaluuya). Finally, by exploring Blackness as effectively "alien" to white hegemony, Nope suggests a Black cinema that appropriates that "alienness" and one that becomes a vernacular/informal countercinema that resists white supremacy.
Purpose After 15 years of successful operation, the British Low Pay Commission's management of the National Minimum Wage was threatened in 2015 by the government's introduction the National Living Wage. The purpose of this paper is to consider the underlying principles of previous minimum wage fixing, and the additional thinking of the Living Wage Foundation and the review of the issue by the Resolution Foundation.
Design/methodology/approach The paper draws on the 2016 reports of the Commission to argue that the two statutory wages are unavoidably interlinked and are tied to incompatible criteria.
Findings The paper concludes that the predicted eventual impact of the National Living Wage on the labour market will be unsustainable.
Research limitations/implications The paper is relevant to minimum wage research.
Practical implications The paper is relevant to minimum wage policy.
Social implications The paper is relevant to low pay policy.
Originality/value The paper provides original analysis of minimum wage policy.