Suchergebnisse

Based on an analysis of ethnographic data collected in Apiao, Chiloé, this article offers a view of relations as inescapably fraught connections
between different entities. These relations are articulated in highly ritualized hospitality practices involving reciprocal exchange of food and drinks in a domestic space. Cutting across established, contrasting
analytical categories, such as consanguines/affines and friends/
enemies, hospitality practices reveal the immanence of otherness. Relations can occur only among different/differentiated individuals and are always expressed through an alternation of the contingent positions of host and guest, where one offers and another receives. In hospitality
interactions, sameness is denied and transformed into otherness, revealing the importance of asymmetry and disclosing the latent hostility and potential danger implicit in relations. The other is first and foremost a
dangerous and unpredictable guest.

Este artigo ilustra as experiências da maternidade e das relações familiares do povo de Apiao, no sul do Chile. O valor do conceito de maternidade é geralmente diminuído, assim como a noção de vínculo biológico entre mãe e filho. O foco materno passa da mulher que pariu a criança para a mulher que a cria, um papel frequentemente assumido pelas avós, quem geralmente são chamadasde 'mães'. A relação familiar é encarada como um estado potencial, determinado não só pelos vínculos sanguíneos, mas por ações constantes de amor e carinho. A memória do carinho recebido perpetua as relações e determina os laços de parentesco, por outro lado, a falta de afeto e carinho pode invalidar esses laços. A paternidade depende exclusivamente do reconhecimento público por parte do homem.

Lévi-Strauss, el individualismo jíbaro y el Musée du quai Branly. Un diálogo con Anne- Christine Taylor

Once conceptualized as self-evident connections between discrete
social units systematized through ethnographic fieldwork, relations
are being increasingly treated as instantiations of local ontological
theories. The ethnography of indigenous South America has provided a
source of inspiration for this analytical shift. As manifested in the contributions
to this special issue, at the core of indigenous practices and discourses
on relations lies a tension between 'dependence on otherness'
and an 'ethics of autonomy'. In this introduction, we revisit this tension
by focusing on the 'taming of relations', a process through which subjects
attempt to maintain the autonomy of each being vis-à-vis their
relational constitution dependent on others. We argue that rather than
being a necessary condition, autonomy is always a partial outcome of
relations linking human and non-human others.

Focusing on issues of empathy and mutuality, and self and other, as experienced in the everyday challenges of doing participant-observation fieldwork, this volume makes a significant contribution to rethinking the experiential and conceptual construction of the field. The contributors adopt a critical and self reflexive approach that goes beyond issues of voice and representation raised by early postmodern anthropology, to grapple with issues concerning the nature of knowledge transmission that lie at the very heart of the ethnographic effort. They explore how multiple modes of attending, awareness and sense making can shape the ethnographic process. Of note are those unanticipated, less palpable forms of communication that are peripheral to or transcend more formalized and structured research methods and agendas. Among these are empathy, intuition, somatic modes of attention and/or embodied knowledge and identification, as well as, shared sensory experiences and aesthetics. By the elaboration of such concepts the volume as a whole offers a substantial elaboration of a phenomenological approach