Suchergebnisse

This paper uses a propensity score matching approach to assess the impact of Ghana's National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) on health utilization and health outcomes for children under five years old using a nationally representative Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey from 2011. The results show that even though health insurance is free for children, around half of them are not insured, with the probability of enrollment being significantly affected by many characteristics. Nationally, the insurance increases both health care utilization and the overall health status of children. Nevertheless, there are important discrepancies across regional results suggesting that the largest gains are found in the poorest regions, which correspond to those with the worse average health outcomes. However, some other regions present none or only very limited gains attributable to the insurance. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/published

The paper synthetizes the academic research on mentoring and discusses its relevance for the design of labor market integration policies for migrants. The review covers several research fields, including education, management, organizational theory, psychology and economics. From each field, we discuss the outcomes that are potentially relevant to the design of mentoring as an instrument of job search assistance. We also review these results in terms of their contribution to the identification of outcome and control variables that should be accounted for in the evaluations of mentoring programs. In doing so, the paper shows that both specific features of the programs as well as the general context, including human, institutional, financing and political constraints, are relevant in limiting or enabling the effectiveness of mentoring as part of the overall design of migration policies. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/published

This note provides an overview of: (i) the threshold used in policy discussions to assess the extent to which users of an infrastructure service have an affordability problem or not for an acceptable level of consumption of the service as defined by international organizations or sometimes national governments; (ii) the average share of resources allocated to each infrastructure subsector for a sample of 90 countries for developing and emerging economies and for 26 European countries, as a proxy for developed countries practice; and (iii) an assessment of this share for consumption quartiles for developing economies and income quintiles for the European economies. It then produces a series of tables of regional averages which could be used to conduct rough benchmarkings of national observations. Discussions of data limitations and suggestions for additional work conclude the note. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/published

The paper surveys the evidence for developing countries of the relevance for the poor of the ownership choice (i.e. public vs. private vs. mixed) in electricity and water & sanitation utilities. It shows that most of the still widely quoted evidence is outdated (based on pre-2010 data) and fails to reflect the longer term evolution of the ownership choices of the 1990s. The most recent data suggests that it matters less to social outcomes than regulatory governance and market structure. It makes the case for an ownership choice more coherent with the context and capacity constraints of countries and sectors. It also identifies significant knowledge gaps on the ways in which social considerations can be addressed under any ownership type and this defines a new research agenda. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/published