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Textile is generally referred as spinning and weaving and the layman does not hove idea of textiles in transportation, filtration, protective clothing, military application a nd in the medical field. The use cf textiles for clothing was to mankind from primitive age and was extended to household and domestic applications with progressive civilization. Amit Dayal 1999) states that the technological advancement of textile science has Seen tc such cn extent that no area seem fo be untouched by textiles. David Rigby (1997) defined Technicol textik materials products manufactured primarily for their technical performance and functional properties rather thon their aesthetic or decorative characteristics.

Not Available ; The underlying causes of gender inequality are often related to social, cultural and economic factors. Consequently, the access of women to education, technical training and productive resources is inadequate, particularly for those women in the rural areas and employed in the informal sector. Economic empowerment is a tool to bring about greater inclusion in society. With these concepts in mind, the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, funded a project in Kerala state that introduces edible oyster culture (Crassostrea madrasensis Preston) and its value-addition as a livelihood option for fisherwomen. Value addition of the oyster meat was also introduced to the women SHGs in this project. Value addition generate profits of INR 37.43, INR 97.49 and INR 106.37 from per kilogram of fish cutlets made, oyster meat and prawn pickle respectively. The aim of this paper is to highlight how needs based, location specific technology interventions can contribute to women's empowerment in coastal areas in terms of personal, social, economic and community aspects. ; Not Available

Globally, the past decade has seen many countries, including the United Kingdom, United States and Canada, introducing legislation that creates distinctive hybrid legal models for social enterprise. Although Australia has no dedicated legal model for social enterprise, its growing salience poses a challenge to competitive neutrality policy regimes. The challenge posed by social enterprise is both conceptual and practical. At the conceptual level, we argue that the underlying analytical framework of competitive neutrality sits uneasily with the premises of social enterprise. At the practical level, we show how the qualitative cost-benefit balancing flowing from the public interest test embedded in the Australian competitive neutrality regime is quite different from the way social enterprises achieve their social objectives, despite some apparent initial similarities. This challenge arises from the implicit baseline of competitive neutrality, which tends to generate analyses that place efficiency values in competition with social, environmental or other 'non-economic' values. Articulating and responding to this challenge is important for the enhancement of opportunities for social enterprise to grow and strengthen, and thereby contributes to rising political and consumer demand for more sustainable business models.

Globally, the past decade has seen many countries, including the United Kingdom, United States and Canada, introducing legislation that creates distinctive hybrid legal models for social enterprise. Although Australia has no dedicated legal model for social enterprise, its growing salience poses a challenge to competitive neutrality policy regimes. The challenge posed by social enterprise is both conceptual and practical. At the conceptual level, we argue that the underlying analytical framework of competitive neutrality sits uneasily with the premises of social enterprise. At the practical level, we show how the qualitative cost-benefit balancing flowing from the public interest test embedded in the Australian competitive neutrality regime is quite different from the way social enterprises achieve their social objectives, despite some apparent initial similarities. This challenge arises from the implicit baseline of competitive neutrality, which tends to generate analyses that place efficiency values in competition with social, environmental or other 'non-economic' values. Articulating and responding to this challenge is important for the enhancement of opportunities for social enterprise to grow and strengthen, and thereby contributes to rising political and consumer demand for more sustainable business models.

The shaping of structural elements in the area of mechanical design is a recurrent problem. The mechanical designer, as a rule, chooses what is believed to be the "simplest" shapes, such as the geometric primitives: lines, circles and, occasionally, conics. The use of higher-order curves is usually not even considered, not to speak of other curves than polynomials. However, the simplest geometric shapes are not necessarily the most suitable when the designed element must withstand loads that can lead to failure-prone stress concentrations. Indeed, as mechanical designers have known for a while, stress concentrations occur, first and foremost, by virtue of either dramatic changes in curvature or extremely high values thereof. As an alternative, we propose here the use of smooth curves that can be simply generated using standard concepts such as non-parametric cubic splines. These curves can be readily used to produce either extruded surfaces or surfaces of revolution.

Ljiljana Stojanović, Shuming Bai, and Mario Barbatti thank the support of the Aix-Marseille Initiative d'Excellence (A*MIDEX) grant (No. ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02) funded by the French Government "Investissements d'Avenir" program supervised by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche. This work was granted access to the HPC resources of Aix-Marseille Université financed by the project Equip@Meso (ANR-10-EQPX-29-01) also within the "Investissements d'Avenir" program. Artur F. Izmaylov acknowledges funding from a Sloan Research Fellowship and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) through the Discovery Grants Program.