Suchergebnisse

Acknowledgements -- Sustainable food futures : multidisciplinary solutions / Jessica Duncan and Megan Bailey -- Recognizing place -- Cultural relevance in Arctic food security initiatives / Carie Hoover, Colleen Parker, Claire Hornby, Sonja Ostertag, Kayla Hansen, Tristan Pearce, and Lisa Loseto -- Rebuilding consumers : trust in food : community supported agriculture in China / Zhenzhong Si -- Place-based food systems : "re-valuing local" and fostering socio-ecological sustainability / Susanna E. Klassen and Hannah Wittman -- Recovering farmland commons / Jamie Baxter -- Enhancing participation -- The political economy of customary land rights in Mozambique : lessons from a food sovereignty movement / Helena Shilomboleni -- Small-scale aquaculture in the Bolivian Amazon : a contextually-based solution for positive social and economic outcomes / Tiffanie Rainville, Sean Irwin, Verónica Hinojosa, Cintya Castellón, Widen Abastoflor -- Building "a world where many worlds fit" : indigenous autonomy, mutual aid, and an (anti-capitalist) moral economy of the (rebel) peasant / Levi Gahman -- Challenging markets -- Knowing how to bring food to the market : appreciating the contribution of intermediary traders to the future of food availability in sub-Saharan Africa / Mirjam Schoonhoven-Speijer, Ellen Mangnus, Sietze Vellema -- Certify sustainable retailers? / Simon R. Bush -- The solution cannot be conventionalized : protecting the alterity of fairer and more sustainable food networks / Raquel Ajates Gonzalez -- Designing sustainable food futures -- Cultured meat, better than beans? / Cor van der Weele -- Soil currency : exploring a more equitable, sustainable, and participatory economic system / Randall Coleman -- From pirate islands to communities of hope : reflections on the circular economy of food systems / Stefano Pascucci and Jessica Duncan -- Conclusions -- Caution: road work ahead / Jessica Duncan and Megan Bailey

Historically, Inuit communities of the Arctic have relied significantly on the living marine resources of their coastal waters for nutrition, underpinning community cohesion and enhancing individual and collective well-being. Inadequate understanding of the conditions of coastal marine stocks and their dynamics, along with failed past fisheries management practices, now threatens secure access to these resources for food and nutrition. We examine the degree of integration of modern Canadian federal food and marine resource management policies, which heretofore have been unable to lessen food insecurity in the Arctic, suggesting that causes rather than symptoms need to be treated. Using evidence from Nunatsiavut, northern Labrador, we assess the limits to marine resource governance affecting access to traditionally important food sources. We explore the potential for both increased subsistence harvests and enhanced access to commercial fisheries in mitigating Inuit food insecurity, arguing for the relevance of expanded marine resource assessments, more focused fisheries management, and integration with policies designed to mitigate food insecurity. Crucially, the absence of methods for tracking changes in locally harvested marine resources threatens not only individual and household nutrition but also the social, economic, and cultural integrity of Inuit communities. We further describe the needs for monitoring and propose the use of indicators that capture the contributions of locally harvested marine resources to increased food security along with a framework that allows for utilizing local knowledge and observations. Relying on emerging lessons from research in Nunatsiavut, we build a foundation for a better understanding of both the political and institutional legacies that contribute to Labrador Inuit food insecurity and discuss how the deeper integration of food and marine resource management policies could help mitigate it. ; Au fil de l'histoire, les communautés inuites de l'Arctique ont dépendu à grande échelle des ressources marines vivantes de leurs eaux côtières pour leurs besoins alimentaires, pour soutenir la cohésion des communautés et pour rehausser le bien-être individuel et collectif. La compréhension inadéquate des conditions relatives aux stocks marins côtiers et à leur dynamique ainsi que les échecs ayant caractérisé les anciennes méthodes de gestion des pêches menacent maintenant l'accès sécuritaire à ces ressources à des fins d'alimentation et de nutrition. Nous nous penchons sur le degré d'intégration des politiques fédérales contemporaines de gestion des ressources marines et alimentaires au Canada qui, jusqu'à maintenant, n'ont pas réussi à amenuiser l'insécurité alimentaire dans l'Arctique, ce qui suggère qu'il faut plutôt traiter les causes que les symptômes. En nous appuyant sur des données émanant du Nunatsiavut, dans le nord du Labrador, nous évaluons les limites en matière de gouvernance des ressources marines qui ont des incidences sur l'accès aux sources de nourriture importantes qui revêtent une importance traditionnelle. Nous explorons les possibilités d'intensification des récoltes de subsistance et d'amélioration de l'accès aux pêcheries commerciales pour atténuer l'insécurité alimentaire chez les Inuits, et nous argumentons en faveur de la pertinence d'évaluations plus poussées des ressources marines, d'une gestion plus concentrée des pêches et de l'intégration avec des politiques conçues pour diminuer l'insécurité alimentaire. Fait important, l'absence de méthodes pour tenir compte des changements en matière de ressources marines récoltées à l'échelle locale menace non seulement l'alimentation des personnes et des ménages, mais également l'intégrité sociale, économique et culturelle des communautés inuites. Par ailleurs, nous décrivons les besoins en surveillance et proposons l'utilisation d'indicateurs qui tiennent compte de l'apport des ressources marines récoltées à l'échelle locale en vue de rehausser la sécurité alimentaire et d'un cadre de référence permettant le recours aux connaissances et aux observations locales. En nous appuyant sur les leçons émanant de la recherche du Nunatsiavut, nous établissons un fondement permettant de mieux comprendre les legs politiques et institutionnels qui jouent un rôle dans l'insécurité alimentaire au Labrador et nous discutons de la manière dont l'intégration plus approfondie des politiques de gestion des ressources marines et alimentaires serait susceptible d'aider à atténuer cette insécurité alimentaire.

For many coastal nations in the Western Indian Ocean, and notably the islands of Madagascar, Mauritius, and Seychelles, the tuna fishery is considered one of the main pillars of economic development, providing jobs and substantial revenues while ensuring food security. However, the fishery is also an illustration of the paradox behind the idea of the blue economy, where economic growth and sustainable use of resources are promoted as jointly achievable. We show that a sustainability narrative, in which the idea of fishing within ecological limits is present within government policy, public discourse, and practices, is, however, in contradiction with the realities of accumulation and growth that prevail in the fishery. When measures towards ecological preservation are to be taken, geopolitics of access to the sea and tuna enter the stage and change the position and narrative of the same actors, governments, and industrial actors that promote sustainability. We emphasize the difficult and nearly impossible path of practicing sustainability in the current model of growth-driven tuna fisheries. We argue for the need to repoliticize the practice of sustainability through the questioning of what we see in tuna fisheries: a hegemonic narrative of sustainability and implicit growth, without positive socio-ecological transformations.