Suchergebnisse

Commodity chains : genealogy and review / Jennifer Bair -- Historicizing commodity chains : five hundred years of the global coffee commodity chain / Steven Topik -- Trading up the commodity chain? : the impact of extractive and labor-intensive manufacturing trade on world-system inequalities / David Smith and Matthew Mahutga -- Protection networks and commodity chains in the capitalist world-economy / Immanuel Wallerstein -- The comparative advantages of tropical commodity chain analysis / John Talbot -- From commodity chains to value chains : interdisciplinary theory building in an age of globalization / Timothy J. Sturgeon -- Global commodity chains, market makers, and the rise of demand-responsive economies / Gary Gereffi and Gary Hamilton -- Mimicking "lean" in global value chains : it's the workers who get leaned on / Kate Raworth and Thalia Kidder -- Unveiling the unveiling : commodity chains, commodity fetishism, and the "value" of voluntary, ethical food labels / Julie Guthman -- Chain (re)actions : comparing activist mobilization against biotechnology in Britain and the U.S. / William Munro and Rachel Schurman

This article traces the history of the UN Code of Conduct on Transnational Corporations as a way to index the shifting geopolitical and economic landscape on which the NIEO played out. By the time the Code of Conduct was abandoned in 1992, concerns about the role of multinationals in the development process had been replaced by debates regarding its responsibility for promoting human rights. In 2003, a Sub-Commission of the UN Commission (now Council) on Human Rights proposed what might be regarded as a new code of conduct: the Draft Norms on the Responsibilities of Transnational Corporations and Other Business Enterprises with Regard to Human Rights. Comparing the Draft Norms to the NIEO-era Code of Conduct illuminates a dramatic transformation in the development imaginary; The Draft Norms sought to limit corporate power, but within a broader human rights framework centered on the individual rights-bearer, whereas the Code of Conduct, and the larger NIEO project, was geared towards the realization of what the G-77 understood as a collective right to development, vested in the state.

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Adam Smith in Beijing is an ambitious sequel to the work that is widely regarded as Giovanni Arrighi's most important, The Long Twentieth Century. Much like this earlier book, Adam Smith in Beijing is a long, sweeping and provocative exploration of capitalism's past, present, and future. In The Long Twentieth Century, Arrighi analyzed the 700 year history of the modern world system as a series of cycles of accumulation, each of which occurred under the auspices of a hegemonic power, and each of which included a period of material expansion followed, late in the cycle, by a shift in the locus of capital accumulation to the financial sector. Arrighi's analysis of four successive regimes—the Genoese, Dutch, British, and U.S.—drew on Braudel's concept of the "autumn of a hegemonic system," which refers to the period of financial expansion marking the maturation of a particular regime of accumulation and its eventual displacement by a new one. This perspective enabled Arrighi to understand the financialization of the world economy, proceeding apace at the time under then-President Clinton, in the context of the longue durée in which one (declining) hegemon's autumn is another (rising) hegemon's spring.

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AbstractThe frontier of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is constantly being negotiated by corporate and non‐corporate actors that vie to define its meaning and scope. In this article, we explore the relationship between CSR and governance in the context of global value chains that span both organizational boundaries and geographic borders. We draw on the CSR and global value chain literature to highlight the nexus between CSR and what we see as two overlapping dimensions of governance. These are industrial governance (or the coordination of relationships among actors in a global value chain) and global governance (the efforts of non‐state actors to manage transnational processes, including via the creation of norms and rules regarding global production). Drawing inspiration from an emergent neo‐Gramscian perspective on global value chains, we propose the notion of contested governance to explain how CSR becomes a key domain in which these contending, though potentially complementary, ways of defining and delimiting governance as an analytic concept play out.