Suchergebnisse

Topic of the thesis is the implementation of one - child policy in China: the demographic and economic consequences. China's situation is unique because its demographic evolution was influenced by various birth planning policies. The greatest impact for the country development had a one - child policy, which formally were implemented since 1979 until 2015. The problem of this thesis is related to China's one-child policy, its development, demographic and economic changes during its implementation. The main object of this master's thesis is one–child policy and its impact on the main demographic and economic indicators. The aim is to find out if the one-child policy introduced in 1979 was successful and resulted in a positive demographic and economic changes. To achieve the aim of the thesis, were formulated following tasks: after the analysis of the demographic theories, construct theoretical approach which help assess the demographic situation in China; an overview the birth planning policies development until the one-child policy implementation in 1979; analyze the one-child policy characteristics of the implementation, development, application methods; perform an analysis of demographic characteristics until the one-child policy (1949 - 1979) and after (1979 - 2015); analyze macroeconomic indicators until the one-child policy (1949 - 1979) and after (1979-2015). The results showed that in China 1970 – 1979, before the implementation of the one-child policy, the country has experienced a dramatic decline in fertility due to the strict birth planning policy initiated by Mao Zedong. After Mao's death, when Deng Xiaoping became a political leader of China, he decided to to revive the country's economy, so country needed a new birth planning policy. In 1979, was introduced the one-child policy, according to which the state formally controlled the family planning process. Implementation of this policy for the past 35 years caused the problems such as rapid aging of society, striking gender imbalance, decreasing labor resources, low birth rates. However, despite these problems, demographic and economic indicators analysis showed that the one-child policy achieved its objectives and helped China to become one of the strongest countries in the world. One-child policy reduced rapid population growth, increased gross domestic product, significantly improved gross domestic product per capita, due to the low birth rate raised the part of economically active population, increased investments of the country.

Topic of the thesis is the implementation of one - child policy in China: the demographic and economic consequences. China's situation is unique because its demographic evolution was influenced by various birth planning policies. The greatest impact for the country development had a one - child policy, which formally were implemented since 1979 until 2015. The problem of this thesis is related to China's one-child policy, its development, demographic and economic changes during its implementation. The main object of this master's thesis is one–child policy and its impact on the main demographic and economic indicators. The aim is to find out if the one-child policy introduced in 1979 was successful and resulted in a positive demographic and economic changes. To achieve the aim of the thesis, were formulated following tasks: after the analysis of the demographic theories, construct theoretical approach which help assess the demographic situation in China; an overview the birth planning policies development until the one-child policy implementation in 1979; analyze the one-child policy characteristics of the implementation, development, application methods; perform an analysis of demographic characteristics until the one-child policy (1949 - 1979) and after (1979 - 2015); analyze macroeconomic indicators until the one-child policy (1949 - 1979) and after (1979-2015). The results showed that in China 1970 – 1979, before the implementation of the one-child policy, the country has experienced a dramatic decline in fertility due to the strict birth planning policy initiated by Mao Zedong. After Mao's death, when Deng Xiaoping became a political leader of China, he decided to to revive the country's economy, so country needed a new birth planning policy. In 1979, was introduced the one-child policy, according to which the state formally controlled the family planning process. Implementation of this policy for the past 35 years caused the problems such as rapid aging of society, striking gender imbalance, decreasing labor resources, low birth rates. However, despite these problems, demographic and economic indicators analysis showed that the one-child policy achieved its objectives and helped China to become one of the strongest countries in the world. One-child policy reduced rapid population growth, increased gross domestic product, significantly improved gross domestic product per capita, due to the low birth rate raised the part of economically active population, increased investments of the country.