Suchergebnisse

Šiame straipsnyje taikomas lyginamasis žiniasklaidos tyrimų aspektas ir atskleidžiama, jog Lietuvos, Latvijos ir Estijos žiniasklaida savo šalių skaitytojams siūlo įvairių informacijos pasirinkimo galimybių. Taip pat, atkreipiamas dėmesys ir į tai, kad Baltijos šalys vienos pirmųjų jaunos demokratijos valstybių sėkmingai institucionalizavo žiniasklaidos savitvarkos sistemas. Tačiau nepaisant šių pozityvių slinkčių žiniasklaidos sistemų ir turinio įvairovės link, visuomenės informavimo praktika šiame regione ne visuomet tarnauja demokratijos tikslams. Žiniasklaidos priemonės gan dažnai tarnauja politikos ar verslo interesams. Taip pat, šiame straipsnyje išvardijami iš kitų Šiaurės Europos regiono šalių žiniasklaidos sistemų "pasiskolinti" dalykai ir aptariamos autentiškosios žurnalistikos savybės. Straipsnis užbaigiamas nuomone, jog Baltijos šalių žiniasklaida yra labai kontrastinga: čia veikia įvairialypė – tiek komercinė, tiek ir visuomenė – žiniasklaida, kurios priemonėms būdinga sava darbo logika bei taikomos žurnalistinės normos.On tripartite identity of the Baltic mediaand its impact on media performanceAuksė Balčytienė SummaryThis article applies comparative analysis framework and demonstrates that media in the Baltic States offers rich news environment with diverse choices. As practice reveals, the three countries were also able (with more or less success) to institutionalize media self-regulation systems. In spite of these transformations towards democratic media, this article discloses that due to certain drawbacks (lack of internal media freedom and labile professional ideals) media performance does not always adequately serve the requirements of democracy. Very often media becomes an instrument to reach other (political or business) aspirations. In addition, the article focuses on certain aspects of media culture in the countries of the same geographic region (Baltic and Nordic countries) and identifies unique national and "imported" characteristics in the Baltic media systems and assesses their impact on media performance. Finally, it proposes that media cultures in the Baltic States represent mixed models with mainstream commercial and public service media each functioning with their own logic and professional journalistic norms.Keywords: Baltic media, Nordic media, media culture, small market, pluralism, liberalization, commercialization, professionalization

Šiame straipsnyje taikomas lyginamasis žiniasklaidos tyrimų aspektas ir atskleidžiama, jog Lietuvos, Latvijos ir Estijos žiniasklaida savo šalių skaitytojams siūlo įvairių informacijos pasirinkimo galimybių. Taip pat, atkreipiamas dėmesys ir į tai, kad Baltijos šalys vienos pirmųjų jaunos demokratijos valstybių sėkmingai institucionalizavo žiniasklaidos savitvarkos sistemas. Tačiau nepaisant šių pozityvių slinkčių žiniasklaidos sistemų ir turinio įvairovės link, visuomenės informavimo praktika šiame regione ne visuomet tarnauja demokratijos tikslams. Žiniasklaidos priemonės gan dažnai tarnauja politikos ar verslo interesams. Taip pat, šiame straipsnyje išvardijami iš kitų Šiaurės Europos regiono šalių žiniasklaidos sistemų "pasiskolinti" dalykai ir aptariamos autentiškosios žurnalistikos savybės. Straipsnis užbaigiamas nuomone, jog Baltijos šalių žiniasklaida yra labai kontrastinga: čia veikia įvairialypė – tiek komercinė, tiek ir visuomenė – žiniasklaida, kurios priemonėms būdinga sava darbo logika bei taikomos žurnalistinės normos.On tripartite identity of the Baltic media and its impact on media performanceAuksė Balčytienė
SummaryThis article applies comparative analysis framework and demonstrates that media in the Baltic States offers rich news environment with diverse choices. As practice reveals, the three countries were also able (with more or less success) to institutionalize media self-regulation systems. In spite of these transformations towards democratic media, this article discloses that due to certain drawbacks (lack of internal media freedom and labile professional ideals) media performance does not always adequately serve the requirements of democracy. Very often media becomes an instrument to reach other (political or business) aspirations. In addition, the article focuses on certain aspects of media culture in the countries of the same geographic region (Baltic and Nordic countries) and identifies unique national and "imported" characteristics in the Baltic media systems and assesses their impact on media performance. Finally, it proposes that media cultures in the Baltic States represent mixed models with mainstream commercial and public service media each functioning with their own logic and professional journalistic norms.Keywords: Baltic media, Nordic media, media culture, small market, pluralism, liberalization, commercialization, professionalization

The aim of the article is discuss the duality of the new media. The author critically assesses the view of the new media as empowering and liberating. The author suggests that such a view is grounded on a notion of reflexivity that is abstracted from capabilities of cognition and builds her argument on the studies of human action to understand the difficulties of interpreting the interactive information.

This chapter discusses how media and political information sources navigate change and adjust their needs-oriented behaviour to changing conditions. The results presented are based on 20 qualitative interviews with leading political journalists as well as government advisors and spokespersons in Lithuania. Although media and political sources gain power in different situations, both sides function in reciprocal interconnectedness. Formal contacts are quite consistent and professionalised, but they continue to work in the shadow of informal social networks, which create their own power relationships, dynamics and hierarchical structures. Though the findings are contextually fashioned, the views regarding the interaction indicate broader trends of communication professionalisation identified also in other cultures and political conditions. ; Go to the full book to find a version of this chapter tagged for accessibility.

This chapter employs the idea of "inequality in agency" and examines it in the context of representation studies. With the help of the European Social Survey data from 2016,1 the chapter claims that, across Europe, individuals are confronted with dissimilar contextual conditions (political cultures and media functioning habits and traditions, socio-economic environments and social norms) and express different feelings and individual capacities (such as self-confidence and social trust as well as personal and social capital endowments) to pursue and appreciate societal well-being in its fullest sense. As suggested here, "inequality in agency" arises as a result of "inequality in representation", which is linked with underlying differences between the dominant political and media systems, on the one hand, and the civil society structures, on the other. This study predominantly considers public perceptions of political and social inclusiveness and representation and examines them in connection with the media and digital information environments existing in different European countries. ; Go to the full book to find a version of this chapter tagged for accessibility.

This chapter discusses how media and political information sources navigate change and adjust their needs-oriented behaviour to changing conditions. The results presented are based on 20 qualitative interviews with leading political journalists as well as government advisors and spokespersons in Lithuania. Although media and political sources gain power in different situations, both sides function in reciprocal interconnectedness. Formal contacts are quite consistent and professionalised, but they continue to work in the shadow of informal social networks, which create their own power relationships, dynamics and hierarchical structures. Though the findings are contextually fashioned, the views regarding the interaction indicate broader trends of communication professionalisation identified also in other cultures and political conditions. ; Go to the full book to find a version of this chapter tagged for accessibility.

This chapter compares the political cultures in the four countries analysed in this volume. Based on an inductive qualitative approach that singles out specificities in how political communication advisors and journalists interact within historical/institutional and professionalist/normative conditions and related constraints, the findings challenge earlier research on political communication culture. The chapter shows how political communication culture may act as a modifying factor in times of systemic change. It also reveals differences between and within countries that are often seen as forming distinct groups: Finland and Sweden as Nordic countries and Lithuania and Poland as Central European countries that have undergone recent fundamental system changes. The chapter ends with a discussion of how changes in the technological communication environment may affect political communication culture simultaneously in all four countries. ; Go to the full book to find a version of this chapter tagged for accessibility.

This article looks into research findings of the "Adequate Information Management (AIM)" project in the new light. A principal issue investigated here concerns the political communication culture, or to put it more precisely, the interface between the Brussels correspondents and their political news sources. While focusing on differences that can be detected in the processes of the EU news gathering in Brussels, the article highlights commonalities in reporting as appearing across national communication cultures. Indeed, the communications' context in Brussels is an interesting research case: for journalists, it creates unique conditions for different journalisms and political communication cultures to meet; for scholars, it requires to address new questions in European communication research.

This article looks into research findings of the "Adequate Information Management (AIM)" project in the new light. A principal issue investigated here concerns the political communication culture, or to put it more precisely, the interface between the Brussels correspondents and their political news sources. While focusing on differences that can be detected in the processes of the EU news gathering in Brussels, the article highlights commonalities in reporting as appearing across national communication cultures. Indeed, the communications' context in Brussels is an interesting research case: for journalists, it creates unique conditions for different journalisms and political communication cultures to meet; for scholars, it requires to address new questions in European communication research. ; Straipsnyje, remiantis nauju požiūriu, analizuojami Europos Komisijos finansuoto 6 BP tarptautinio mokslinio projekto "Adekvati informacijos vadyba" (Adequate Information Management: (AIM) [2004-2007]) rezultatai. Tyrimo, kurį atliko mokslininkai iš vienuolikos Europos šalių, tikslas buvo atskleisti ES politinės komunikacijos specifiką bei europinių naujienų vadybos procesus, kurie lemia ES aktualijų – informacijos atrankos, analizės, naujienų redagavimo ir paskelbimo – pateikimą Europos žiniasklaidoje. Pagrindinis šio straipsnio analizės dalykas – Briuselio politinės komunikacijos kultūra, kitaip tariant, santykis tarp įvairų šalių korespondentų Briuselyje ir politikos veikėjų (politinės informacijos šaltinių). Analizuojant kokybinių interviu su korespondentais Briuselyje duomenis ieškoma panašumų tarp skirtingų šalių komuni­kacinių kultūrų, žurnalistinio darbo principų. Visa tai rodo, kad politinė komunikacija Briuselyje yra unikalus ir įdomus atvejis tolesniems tyrimams. Žurnalistams sukuriamos unikalios sąlygos pažinti ir dirbti skirtingų žurnalistinių ir politinės komunikacijos kultūrų kontekste. O mokslininkams – tai iššūkis, skatinantis kelti klausimus, susijusius su naujomis komunikacijos formomis.

The idea of European identity and multilingualism, especially of a European public sphere – of media-sustained imaginary spaces where all of the diversities and commonalities of multicultural Europe are expressed and celebrated – is an appealing and thought-provoking concept and one that continuously attracts the attention of scholars, policy-makers, writers, journalists, and artists from all over Europe. At the same time, in spite of their popularity, multifaceted nature, and inclusivity, many of these debates lack optimism. Discussions often lead to the conclusion that a common arena for cultural exchange and inspiring debates, maintained and preserved by the conventional mass media, simply does not exist. It does not exist as a common public sphere where differing points of view could be presented, and which would enable the emergence of a mutual discourse rich in diverse interpretations – of a space which would stimulate the imagination of Europe as an experience. Therefore, the goal of the research perspective "European Public Sphere – politics, communication, discourse" is to find commonalities and intersections among those very diverse fields of europenization studies ranging from journalism, communication studies and identity issues, to regional studies, comparative politics and international relations. At the same time, this research perspective seeks to address new questions and includes these into the comparative research agenda. It looks into changes and. [to full text]