Suchergebnisse

Intro -- Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- List of Tables -- 1 Introduction: Turkey, Russia, and Iran-New Dominant Powers in the Middle East? -- The Regional Context: The Syrian Conflict -- Establishing a New Regional Order -- Structure and Contents of the Book -- Bibliography -- 2 Situating 'New Turkey' in the Middle East Within a Competition-Cooperation Spiral of Turkish-Russian Relations -- The Syrian War -- The Ice Age in Relations -- Rapprochement Anew: July 15 and a New Direction in Relations -- The Astana Process -- Idlib Conundrum -- Conclusion -- References -- 3 The Syrian Crisis and Its Contribution to Authoritarian Transformation of Turkish Domestic and Foreign Policy Identities -- Debates About Democracy, Turkey, and the Muslim World -- The Syrian Crisis as a Source of Aggravation of Internal Tensions in Turkish Society -- Aggravation of the Religious Divide -- Aggravation of the Ethnic Division and the Breakdown of the Process to Resolve the Kurdish Question -- The Slide Toward a More Authoritarian Line, the Rapprochement with Russia -- Conclusion -- References -- 4 Turkey and the Syrian Insurgency: From Facilitator to Overlord -- Playing the Facilitator (2011-2013) -- Tightening the Grip (2014-2015) -- Carving up a Buffer Zone, "Building an Army Down There" (2016-2017) -- Idlib: Drawing a Line in the Sand (2018-2020) -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- 5 Moscow and the Challenge of Rebuilding Syria -- Russia's Business in Syria: A Preferred Government-To-Government Approach -- Syria's Attempted Initiatives at Reconstruction -- Russia's Preferred Top-Down Approach to Frame Syria's Reconstruction -- Black Sea Connections: The Politicization of Limited Economic Opportunities -- Russia's Refugee Initiative to the Rescue of the Reconstruction of Syria -- Moscow's Roadmap for the Return of the Syrian Refugees.

"On July 15, 2016, a faction of the Turkish military tried to overthrow the government of President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. The attempt failed. The Turkish government blamed the attempted coup on Gülenists, followers of an Islamist movement led by Fethullah Gülen, who had helped Erdoğan and his AK Party get elected and bring an ostensibly 'soft' version of Islam into the secular Turkish government. In alliance with the AK Party, Gülenists over time became widely represented in various government institutions, including the military and police. This volume focuses on the Gülen Movement and its possible role in the failed coup, providing historical and sociopolitical context for what may have led to this conflict. Editors Yavuz and Balcı were among the first to study the movement from its beginning. They and other contributors have spent time in Turkey, Central Asia, and the Balkans examining various dimensions of Gülenist activity as the movement became a major economic and educational force in Turkey and elsewhere. Startled by the 2016 coup attempt, a group of scholars who had studied the Gülenists came together to discuss how and why the once-restrained movement became belligerent opponents of Erdoğan's government. This book is a product of their exchanges and it addresses questions such as: what did researchers fail to see in their earlier studies and how will this major disruption in Turkey affect the future of the movement?"--Provided by publisher