No title ; Élites, pouvoirs et vie municipale à Brest, 1750-1820
Brest, harbour city and military arsenal, was a city where some individuals managed public and private careers at the same time sometimes by relying on political circumstances.Under the Ancien Régime, traders and jurists controlled the municipal sphere but they were dominated by the social elites (naval officers, Navy quartermasters, Army nobility) who constituted the gist of the power in the city.With the Revolution, a new political personnel was set up, we attended to a renewal of the elites. The Army nobility lost its positions, former notables were relegated to a subordinate role and a new generation of notabilities stemming from revolutionary changes was still very present when the monarchy came back in 1815.The link between institutional evolutions and the political careers of elites enables us to draw up a precise state of local political and social structurings that occurred during these seventy years.During this period, Brest's municipal elites succeeded in imposing upon their fellow countrymen but did not manage to impose their views concerning relations with superior authorities. They were always under a military governor or a direct representative of the state. The municipal power underwent changes and knew important fluctuations in the reality of its powers and in its degree of autonomy. ; Brest, ville portuaire et arsenal militaire, est une cité où quelques individus mènent de front une carrière publique et privée en s'appuyant parfois sur les circonstances politiques.Sous l'Ancien Régime, négociants et hommes de loi contrôlent la sphère municipale mais sont dominés par les élites sociales (officiers de marine, intendants de marine, noblesse de l'armée de terre) qui constituent l'essence du pouvoir dans la ville.Avec la Révolution, un nouveau personnel politique se met en place, on assiste alors à un renouvellement des élites. La noblesse militaire perd ses positions, les anciens notables se trouvent relégués à un rôle subalterne et une nouvelle génération de notabilités issue des changements ...