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Con la ratificación de la Convención Internacional sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad, los Estados parte se comprometen a garantizar a las personas con discapacidad la posibilidad de votar y ser elegidas (art. 29). Para adaptar la normativa española a la Convención, en diciembre de 2018 se modificó la Ley Orgánica de Régimen Electoral General. En esta reforma se suprimieron las restricciones legales para la participación de las personas con discapacidad y se devolvieron los derechos políticos a quienes habían sido privados de ellos por decisiones judiciales. Desde aquel momento, numerosas voces recuerdan las razones detrás de la privación del derecho al sufragio activo y pasivo de las personas con discapacidad intelectual, psicosocial o con deterioro cognitivo. En el presente trabajo se intentará justificar que los argumentos para la exclusión de estas personas de los procesos políticos todavía presentes en el contexto español se basan en los mismos estereotipos que la Convención pretende eliminar. ; States Party undertake to guarantee the right to vote and to be voted for persons with disability from the ratification of the International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (article 29). The Spanish Electoral Law was amended in December of 2018 to adapt Spanish Law to the Convention. This reform abolished legal restrictions on political participation of persons with disabilities and gave back political rights to those who have been deprived of them as a consequence of judicial decisions. Since then, several voices recall the reasons behind deprivation of the rights to active and passive suffrage for persons with intellectual and psychosocial disabilities and cognitive impairment. The present work aims to justify that arguments for exclusion of this persons from political processes still present in the Spanish context are based on the same stereotypes that the Convention tries to remove.

El propósito del presente trabajo es justificar que si los derechos sociales seaceptan como derechos humanos, la distinción entre los derechos económicos,sociales y culturales y los derechos civiles y políticos carece de sentido desde el punto de vista de la fundamentación y desde el punto de vista de la estructura,y que, por tanto, también debería dejarse de lado en la articulación de los sistemasde protección de derechos. Efectivamente, si todos los derechos se orientana garantizar que las personas tengamos el control de nuestras propias vidas, ysi de todos se derivan deberes de respeto y deberes de protección, no existen argumentosen contra de la exigibilidad de los derechos sociales que no pudieranhacerse extensivos también a los derechos civiles y políticos. ; This work argues that, if social rights are considered human rights, the distinction between economic, social and cultural rights, and, civil and political rights, makes no sense from an 'ethical' and 'structural' point of view and that, therefore, that distinction should be left aside in building a system of guarantee of the rights. Indeed, if all rights seek to ensure control over our own lives, and if all rights generate duties of respect and duties of protection, there will be no arguments against the enforcement of social rights that could not also be extended to civil and political rights.

El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar algunos de los más importantes aspectos relacionados con la necesidad de incorporar efectivamente a la mujer como sujeto de derecho en los ámbitos económico, social y cultural. Para ello, se ha considerado como eje esencial la necesidad de incorporar los derechos económicos, sociales y culturales al corpus general de los derechos humanos, al mismo tiempo de resaltar su aplicación y respeto como instrumentos de desarrollo en las sociedades modernas.Palabras clave: derechos de la mujer, derechos económicos, derechos sociales, derechos culturales.

Article 12 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities provides that persons with disabilities are entitled to full legal capacity on an equal basis with others and obliges State Parties to provide access to the support that they may require exercising this legal capacity. This paper analyzes the main implications of this Article and its impact on Qatar´s legal system, focusing on the general regulation of legal capacity and provisions in the domain of Private Law, including Family Law. We examine how Qatar´s legislation needs to be adapted to the new paradigm of the CRPD, overcoming preconceptions based on the medical model and assistencialism, which is focused on protection, and moving towards the social model and the human rights approach, aimed at promoting the autonomy of persons with disabilities. To comply with Article 12, Qatar must review the legal provisions that allow the deprivation or restriction of legal capacity on the basis of disability and that require "be[ing] of sound of mind" as a condition to perform legal acts or to exercise rights. Qatar must also take action to replace regimes of substituted decision-making with supported decision-making – extending some support mechanisms available in current legislation – and to ensure the respect of the person's will and preferences.

From the continental law, this paper analyses the situation regarding the rights and fundamental freedoms of women with disabilities in Qatar. The analysis uses as the main reference, Article 6 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) and the General Comment that the CRPD Committee has made to this article. In this aspect, it tries to outline the difficulties that Qatar, as a State party, has in order to be able and take the very first steps towards a real inclusion for women with disabilities

Based on the description of the situation of some social rights of persons with disability in Qatar, this article is aimed to highlight the need to address the protection of human rights from interdependence and indivisibility. The analysis of Qatar Law reveals that social protection alone is not sufficient guarantee of dignity, as would not be a system based exclusively on freedom as not interference. Although providing noteworthy resources for persons with disabilities along with a good level of social protection and health care, Qatar does not base its system on autonomy and inclusion and this is a shortcoming to move towards a human rights-based approach.

The entry into force of the International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities means that State Parties shall adapt their legislation and regulation to the social model designed in the international text. The present work aims to identify the general challenges faced by Qatar in that task. After presenting the keys to understanding the requirements of the Convention, the paper underlines the necessity of a cultural change in addition to a legal one. In this way, Qatar shares with other State Parties theoretical, legal, social and economic problems. Specifically, the current medical model in Qatar policies should be replaced with the conventional social model. This implies the elimination of discrimination based on disability, the universal accessibility, the legal capacity for persons with disabilities and their right to live independently. A priority is to generate an associative movement around disability.

Article 12 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities provides that persons with disabilities are entitled to full legal capacity on an equal basis with others and obliges State Parties to provide access to the support that they may require exercising this legal capacity. This paper analyzes the main implications of this Article and its impact on Qatar´s legal system, focusing on the general regulation of legal capacity and provisions in the domain of Private Law, including Family Law. We examine how Qatar´s legislation needs to be adapted to the new paradigm of the CRPD, overcoming preconceptions based on the medical model and assistencialism, which is focused on protection, and moving towards the social model and the human rights approach, aimed at promoting the autonomy of persons with disabilities. To comply with Article 12, Qatar must review the legal provisions that allow the deprivation or restriction of legal capacity on the basis of disability and that require "be[ing] of sound of mind" as a condition to perform legal acts or to exercise rights. Qatar must also take action to replace regimes of substituted decision-making with supported decision-making – extending some support mechanisms available in current legislation – and to ensure the respect of the person's will and preferences.

The entry into force of the International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities means that State Parties shall adapt their legislation and regulation to the social model designed in the international text. The present work aims to identify the general challenges faced by Qatar in that task. After presenting the keys to understanding the requirements of the Convention, the paper underlines the necessity of a cultural change in addition to a legal one. In this way, Qatar shares with other State Parties theoretical, legal, social and economic problems. Specifically, the current medical model in Qatar policies should be replaced with the conventional social model. This implies the elimination of discrimination based on disability, the universal accessibility, the legal capacity for persons with disabilities and their right to live independently. A priority is to generate an associative movement around disability.

Equal rights for persons with disabilities is the ultimate goal mandated by the CRPD, and it can probably be gradually achieved in Qatar as steps are taken towards reconsidering the approach to disability at large. This paper examines what impact the CRPD has on the country's legislation. To that end, we explore how the sensitive domains –health, education, employment, and justice– need to be re-evaluated in light of the CRPD, where recent improvements in the rights of persons with disabilities in Qatar can enable compliance and where the greater challenges lie. We maintain that although legal reforms are needed for Qatar to comply with CRPD, within existing legislation there is notable potential to accommodate particular amendments that could significantly assist the move towards CRPD compliance. We suggest some structural steps aimed at improving compliance, consisting of the establishment of specific institutions, the promotion of associations that represent persons with disabilities and, above all, advancement of a fundamental shift in the way disability is perceived by society, moving away from the old medical notion of disability with its focus on special features and rehabilitation and instead adopting the social model that mandates inclusion and equality.