Suchergebnisse

This position paper contributes to the debate on perspectives for simulating the social processes of science through the specific angle of participatory research. This new way of producing science is still in its infancy and needs some step back and analysis, to understand what is taking place on the boundaries between academic, policy and lay worlds. We argue that social simulation of this practice of cooperation can help in understanding further this new way of doing science, building on existing experience in simulation of knowledge flows as well as pragmatic approaches in social sciences.

International audience ; This communication is presenting a specific association of Role Playing Game and Agent Based Modelling aiming at increasing the empowerment of final users in the collective decision processes for water management issues. Role Playing Games and simulations on a generic basin are a way to bring distance with private interests in dialogue processes. We describe here a tool, PIEPLUE, designed as a hybrid of a Role Playing Game and a Computer Based Agent Based Model. This tool represents virtual farmers in a virtual river basin using water to irrigate various crops. These farmers choose individual organizational patterns concerning crops choice and water use choices. At the end of simulated cropping season, players may adapt the collective rules for sharing water. This communication is presenting the results of a first test with the river basin institution of the Drome River Valley in the South of France

International audience ; This communication is presenting a specific association of Role Playing Game and Agent Based Modelling aiming at increasing the empowerment of final users in the collective decision processes for water management issues. Role Playing Games and simulations on a generic basin are a way to bring distance with private interests in dialogue processes. We describe here a tool, PIEPLUE, designed as a hybrid of a Role Playing Game and a Computer Based Agent Based Model. This tool represents virtual farmers in a virtual river basin using water to irrigate various crops. These farmers choose individual organizational patterns concerning crops choice and water use choices. At the end of simulated cropping season, players may adapt the collective rules for sharing water. This communication is presenting the results of a first test with the river basin institution of the Drome River Valley in the South of France

International audience ; This communication is presenting a specific association of Role Playing Game and Agent Based Modelling aiming at increasing the empowerment of final users in the collective decision processes for water management issues. Role Playing Games and simulations on a generic basin are a way to bring distance with private interests in dialogue processes. We describe here a tool, PIEPLUE, designed as a hybrid of a Role Playing Game and a Computer Based Agent Based Model. This tool represents virtual farmers in a virtual river basin using water to irrigate various crops. These farmers choose individual organizational patterns concerning crops choice and water use choices. At the end of simulated cropping season, players may adapt the collective rules for sharing water. This communication is presenting the results of a first test with the river basin institution of the Drome River Valley in the South of France

Let's ask the question around us: "Why don't people change?" The answer will most often be: "because they are too attached to their privileges, traditions, achievements, relationships, cultures, lands, etc. They will never change! They will never change!" This theory that attachment prevents change is common sense. However, for many years, researchers who study the concept of attachment, and in particular attachment to place, have shown that this theory is not validated. On the contrary, attachment can provide security to individuals and support change. This book is based on lessons learned from the literature, as well as on transdisciplinary theoretical and methodological proposals. It is the result of interactions between researchers from different disciplines working in France, the UK, South Africa and Senegal. Reading this book will invite, stimulate and guide students, researchers, decision-makers, users, or anyone involved in processes of change in social and ecological systems in taking into account attachments and affective relationships to accompany transitions.

Adaption patterns undertaken by policy makers within their own jurisdiction may bump into adaptation patterns undertaken by others at their own level. The consequences of these interactions may lead to mutual reinforcement or a neutralization of each policy maker's adaptation capacity. Since adaptation plans are proliferating we seek to better understand the processes behind these transfers of vulnerability that might incidentally lead to maladaptation. In this presentation, we adapt Anderies (2014) framework by considering social ecological system (SES) adaptive management as autonomous feedback loop. We identify the interactions between these loops to characterize transfers of vulnerability or robustness as a mechanistic process, without the need to assume any intention of transfer. We use this representation in its capacity to encompass narratives observed in coastal case studies in France, South Africa and England. This enables the interpretation of observations and identification of possible connections between adaptive management autonomous processes, and the proposition of a typology of sources of transfers. We complete our analysis of observations through simulations in an artificial society, SugarScale, and experimentations with serious games. Sugar Scale features transfers of vulnerability between "countries" that use two complementary resources with contrasted exposure to hazards. The possibility to trade resources and migrate from one "country" to another generates virtual examples of vulnerability transfers among populations. Ultimately policy makers seek ways to increase the overall efficiency of adaptation plans but lack understanding of these complex relations. Our serious games raised the awareness of these possible transfers, made them visible and enabled discussion of (1) the plurality of adaptation patterns (and related goals), and (2) the mechanisms behind them that could be corrected. The outcomes of these preliminary experiments demonstrated the considerable potential of these settings to raise awareness and trigger discussion about vulnerability transfers. (Texte intégral)

International audience ; Participatory approaches are now increasingly recognized and used as an essential element of policies and programs, especially in regards to natural resource management (NRM). Most practitioners, decision-makers and researchers having adopted participatory approaches also acknowledge the need to monitor and evaluate such approaches in order to audit their effectiveness, support decision-making or improve learning. Many manuals and frameworks exist on how to carry out monitoring and evaluation (M&E) for participatory processes. However, few provide guidelines on the selection and implementation of M&E methods, an aspect which is also often obscure in published studies, at the expense of the transparency, reliability and validity of the study. In this paper, we argue that the selection and implementation of M&E methods are particularly strategic when monitoring and evaluating a participatory process. We demonstrate that evaluators of participatory processes have to tackle a quadruple challenge when selecting and implementing methods: using mixed-methods, both qualitative and quantitative; assessing the participatory process, its outcomes, and its context; taking into account both the theory and participants' views; and being both rigorous and adaptive. The M&E of a participatory planning process in the Rwenzori Region, Uganda, is used as an example to show how these challenges unfold on the ground and how they can be tackled. Based on this example, we conclude by providing tools and strategies that can be used by evaluators to ensure that they make utile, feasible, coherent, transparent and adaptive methodological choices when monitoring and evaluating participatory processes for NRM.

International audience ; Participatory approaches are now increasingly recognized and used as an essential element of policies and programs, especially in regards to natural resource management (NRM). Most practitioners, decision-makers and researchers having adopted participatory approaches also acknowledge the need to monitor and evaluate such approaches in order to audit their effectiveness, support decision-making or improve learning. Many manuals and frameworks exist on how to carry out monitoring and evaluation (M&E) for participatory processes. However, few provide guidelines on the selection and implementation of M&E methods, an aspect which is also often obscure in published studies, at the expense of the transparency, reliability and validity of the study. In this paper, we argue that the selection and implementation of M&E methods are particularly strategic when monitoring and evaluating a participatory process. We demonstrate that evaluators of participatory processes have to tackle a quadruple challenge when selecting and implementing methods: using mixed-methods, both qualitative and quantitative; assessing the participatory process, its outcomes, and its context; taking into account both the theory and participants' views; and being both rigorous and adaptive. The M&E of a participatory planning process in the Rwenzori Region, Uganda, is used as an example to show how these challenges unfold on the ground and how they can be tackled. Based on this example, we conclude by providing tools and strategies that can be used by evaluators to ensure that they make utile, feasible, coherent, transparent and adaptive methodological choices when monitoring and evaluating participatory processes for NRM.

International audience ; Participatory approaches are now increasingly recognized and used as an essential element of policies and programs, especially in regards to natural resource management (NRM). Most practitioners, decision-makers and researchers having adopted participatory approaches also acknowledge the need to monitor and evaluate such approaches in order to audit their effectiveness, support decision-making or improve learning. Many manuals and frameworks exist on how to carry out monitoring and evaluation (M&E) for participatory processes. However, few provide guidelines on the selection and implementation of M&E methods, an aspect which is also often obscure in published studies, at the expense of the transparency, reliability and validity of the study. In this paper, we argue that the selection and implementation of M&E methods are particularly strategic when monitoring and evaluating a participatory process. We demonstrate that evaluators of participatory processes have to tackle a quadruple challenge when selecting and implementing methods: using mixed-methods, both qualitative and quantitative; assessing the participatory process, its outcomes, and its context; taking into account both the theory and participants' views; and being both rigorous and adaptive. The M&E of a participatory planning process in the Rwenzori Region, Uganda, is used as an example to show how these challenges unfold on the ground and how they can be tackled. Based on this example, we conclude by providing tools and strategies that can be used by evaluators to ensure that they make utile, feasible, coherent, transparent and adaptive methodological choices when monitoring and evaluating participatory processes for NRM.