Suchergebnisse

Estudio encuadrado en la Historia social comparativa donde, a través del análisis y trayectoria de tres ejemplos de familias nobles de segunda fila de la provincia de León, se aprecia el gran interés que ofrece la Academia de Guardia Marinas para sus hijos varones no primogénitos. De tal modo, que estos nuevos destinos militares servirán para proyectar a estas familias hacia carreras militares conectadas con la administración borbónica, fuera del ámbito provincial, las cuales continuarán sus descendientes, configurando, en definitiva, un nuevo grupo de notables que explicaría, en gran parte, los cambios del liberalismo de la primera mitad del siglo XIX.

We've carried out this research work in order to study some mesures performed during the Enlinghtenment. Politicians wanted to improve the transport of people and goods by road and river in León, which was hindered by the taxes

This is a comparative social history, through the analysis and trajectory of three examples of second-rank noble families in the province of León, which shows a great interest in the Marine Guard Academy for their non-first-born sons. Thus, this new military training provided these members of noble families and their descendants the possibility of developing military careers connected with the Bourbon administration, outside the provincial sphere. This new group of notables would explain, to a large extent, the changes of liberalism in the first half of the 19th century. ; Estudio encuadrado en la Historia social comparativa donde, a través del análisis y trayectoria de tres ejemplos de familias nobles de segunda fila de la provincia de León, se aprecia el gran interés que ofrece la Academia de Guardia Marinas para sus hijos varones no primogénitos. De tal modo, que estos nuevos destinos militares servirán para proyectar a estas familias hacia carreras militares conectadas con la administración borbónica, fuera del ámbito provincial, las cuales continuarán sus descendientes, configurando, en definitiva, un nuevo grupo de notables que explicaría, en gran parte, los cambios del liberalismo de la primera mitad del siglo XIX.

Estudio encuadrado en la Historia social comparativa donde, a través del análisis y trayectoria de tres ejemplos de familias nobles de segunda fila de la provincia de León, se aprecia el gran interés que ofrece la Academia de Guardia Marinas para sus hijos varones no primogénitos. De tal modo, que estos nuevos destinos militares servirán para proyectar a estas familias hacia carreras militares conectadas con la administración borbónica, fuera del ámbito provincial, las cuales continuarán sus descendientes, configurando, en definitiva, un nuevo grupo de notables que explicaría, en gran parte, los cambios del liberalismo de la primera mitad del siglo XIX.

We determine the magnetic ground state of the FePc molecule on Au-supported thin films based on the observed values of orbital anisotropy and spectroscopic x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) measurements at the Fe K and L edges. Starting from ab initio molecular orbital multiplet calculations for the isolated molecule, we diagonalize the spin-orbit interaction in the subspace spanned by the three lowest spin triplet states of 3A2g and 3Eg symmetry in the presence of a saturating magnetic field at a polar angle θ with respect to the normal to the plane of the film, plus an external perturbation representing the effect of the molecules in the stack on the FePc molecule under consideration. We find that the orbital moment of the ground state strongly depends on the magnetic field direction in agreement with the sum rule analysis of the L23-edge XMCD data. We calculate integrals over the XMCD spectra at the Fe K and L23 edges as used in the sum rules and explicitly show that they agree with the expectation values of the orbital moment and effective spin moment of the ground state. On the basis of this analysis, we can rule out alternative candidates proposed in the literature. ; J.B. and F.B. acknowledge the financial support of the Spanish MINEICO MAT2017-83468-R project, Aragonese E-12 17R RASMIA (co-funded by Fondo Social Europeo), and of the European Union FEDER (ES). We acknowledge support by the European Union COST MP1306 EUSPEC project. ; Peer reviewed

18 pages, 15 figures, 10 tables.-- PACS number(s): 75.50.Bb, 75.50.Ww, 76.80.+y ; The paper presents an iron-57 Mössbauer spectral study of RFe11.5Ta0.5, with R=Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Lu, and an evaluation of the different contributions to the hyperfine magnetic fields. The Mössbauer spectra have been analyzed with a model that considers both the distribution of the tantalum atoms in the near-neighbor environment of the iron atoms and the relative orientation of the hyperfine field and the principal axis of the electric field gradient. Their possible directions in the ThMn12 structure have been determined from a close examination of the point symmetry of each iron site. A local model for the hyperfine field which enables to determine their components from experimental data, has been developed and a calculation of the lattice dipolar hyperfine field in RFe11.5Ta0.5 has been performed. We have investigated in detail the origin and influence of the contributions to the hyperfine field coming from self 3d polarization, the iron and rare earth transferred fields and the orbital and dipolar hyperfine fields. The iron and rare earth transferred fields have been analyzed for RFe11.5Ta0.5 and other rare earth-iron intermetallic compounds. From this analysis it is shown that the iron transferred fields are different at each crystallographic site, and comparable to the self 3d polarization contributions, and that the rare earth transferred field is mainly originated by the indirect exchange between the rare earth 4f and iron 3d electrons. ; This work was financed by the MAT 02/166 and MAT 2000/0107/P4-02 MCYT projects (Spanish government). C.P. thanks MCYT for financial Grant No. PN73195091Y. ; Peer reviewed

We investigate the ground state and low-energy spin-orbital excitations of a single iron(II) phthalocyanine molecule in isolation and on an oxidized Cu(110) surface. Considering the subspace spanned by the three lowest spin-triplet states of 3A2g and 3Eg symmetry, we diagonalize the Hamiltonian made of the anisotropic spin-orbit interaction and the ligand field splitting Δ, defined as the energy difference between 3Eg and 3A2g. We find that the ground state switches from a 3Eg-like state with large orbital moment and out-of-plane easy axis for Δ−60 meV. The analysis of the first excited states in the two regimes explains the zero-field splitting data reported for β-FePc as well as for FePc molecules adsorbed on an oxidized Cu(110) surface [N. Tsukahara et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 167203 (2009)]. Importantly, the calculated magnetic susceptibility obtained with the ab initio value Δ=93 meV compares remarkably well with the experimental data of β-FePc in the whole available temperature range of 1–300 K. ; This work has been partially supported by the Spanish MAT2017-83468-R project, Aragonese E-12 17R RASMIA (co-funded by Fondo Social Europeo), and of the European Union FEDER (ES). We also acknowledge funding by the European Union COST MP1306 EUSPEC project and by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Grant KAKENHI JP 16K05393. ; Peer reviewed