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Does price reveal poor-quality drugs?: evidence from 17 countries
In: NBER working paper series 16854
"Substandard and counterfeit drugs represent a global public health crisis. However, there is little economic analysis of the market given the paucity of data. Focusing on 8 drug types on the WHO-approved medicine list, we constructed an original dataset of 899 drug samples from 17 low- and median-income countries and tested them for visual appearance, disintegration, and analyzed their ingredients by chromatography and spectrometry. Fifteen percent of the samples fail at least one test and can be considered substandard. After controlling for local factors, we find that failing drugs are priced 13-18% lower than non-failing drugs but the signaling effect of price is far from complete, especially for non-innovator brands. The look of the pharmacy, as assessed by our covert shoppers, is weakly correlated with the results of quality tests. These findings suggest that consumers are likely to suspect low quality from market price, non-innovator brand and the look of the pharmacy, but none of these signals can perfectly identify substandard and counterfeit drugs. Indeed, many cheaper non-innovator products pass all quality tests, and are genuine generic drugs. This suggests that policies in favor of these more affordable generic drugs may potentially weaken the signaling effect of price and increase the opportunity for counterfeit entry into the market. One way to counter this effect is directly providing better information about drug quality"--National Bureau of Economic Research web site
Making a killing: the deadly implications of the counterfeit drug trade
Counterfeiting today -- How and why does counterfeiting occur? -- Stopping the fakers -- Policy recommendations
Saving our streams: the role of the Anglers' Conservation Association in protecting English and Welsh rivers
In: Research Monographs 53
The Deadly World of Falsified and Sub‐Standard Medicine
In: Economic affairs: journal of the Institute of Economic Affairs, Band 32, Heft 3, S. 113-113
ISSN: 1468-0270
ZIMBABWE'S FUTURE AND THE 'KIMBERLEY PROCESS'
In: Economic affairs: journal of the Institute of Economic Affairs, Band 32, Heft 2, S. 104-104
ISSN: 1468-0270
BRITAIN'S HIGH GREEN TAXES
In: Economic affairs: journal of the Institute of Economic Affairs, Band 32, Heft 1, S. 81-81
ISSN: 1468-0270
EU GETS A TASTE OF ITS OWN MEDICINE: iea economic afairs
In: Economic affairs: journal of the Institute of Economic Affairs, Band 31, Heft 3, S. 63-63
ISSN: 1468-0270
ARE DRUGS MADE IN EMERGING MARKETS GOOD QUALITY?: iea economic afairs
In: Economic affairs: journal of the Institute of Economic Affairs, Band 31, Heft 2, S. 105-105
ISSN: 1468-0270
AID AGENCIES TURNING A BLIND EYE TO STOLEN DRUGS: iea economic afairs
In: Economic affairs: journal of the Institute of Economic Affairs, Band 31, Heft 1, S. 138-138
ISSN: 1468-0270