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This article was accepted for publication in the International Journal for Digital Society [© Infonomics Society]. The definitive version is available at: http://www.infonomics-society.org/IJDS/ ; The emergence of e-commerce has brought about many benefits to a country's economy and individuals, but the openness of the Internet has given rise misuse of personal data. Several countries have enacted legislation and procedures to protect the information privacy of their citizens and corporations. However, many developing countries, such as Nigeria are yet to enact any procedures, despite the high level of identity theft and online fraud. Different approaches to data privacy and protection are found in different countries. These can be generally categorised as the self-regulation approach, as used in the United States and the government approach, as used in the United Kingdom. This paper investigates the reasons why developed countries adopt any particular system for data protection. The paper evaluates these data protection approaches to determine its applicability in developing nations, using Nigeria as a case study. This is done by identifying the issues affecting data protection in the developing country and then evaluating the approaches' dispute resolution, enforcement and compliance monitoring processes for their applicability in the case of Nigeria. Benchmarks developed by the Australian government for Industry-Based Customer Dispute Resolution Schemes provide a suitable mechanism for evaluation.

This is a conference paper. ; The influx of E-commerce into Nigeria has resulted in individuals shopping online and sharing personal information about themselves and their family, friends and colleagues. A survey and interviews were conducted to gain an initial understanding of attitudes about privacy among Nigerians and their understanding of E-commerce data protection and privacy. It was found that Nigerians are generally aware of the dangers of online data theft, but their concern was focussed almost exclusively on the theft of financial data. They did not trust the government to protect their data with any effective legislation or law enforcement, but they were happy to submit their financial information through a bank's website. However, it was found that Nigerians had little concern about other, non-financial information, which leaves the population vulnerable to the theft of other forms of personal and private data.

This conference paper is closed access. ; The emergence of e-commerce has brought about many benefits to a country's economy and individuals, but the openness of the Internet has given rise misuse of personal data. Several countries have enacted legislations and procedures to protect the information privacy of their citizens and corporations. However, many developing countries, such as Nigeria are yet to enact any procedures, despite the high level of identity theft and online fraud. Different approaches to data privacy and protection are found in different countries. These can be generally categorised as the self-regulation approach, as used in the United States and the government approach, as used in the United Kingdom. This paper investigates the reasons why developed countries adopt a system for data protection. The paper then focuses on the reason why the government approach may not be applicable successfully in developing country using Nigeria as a case study. This is done by identifying the issues affecting data protection in the developing country and then evaluating the United Kingdom's Information Commissioner's Office (ICO) dispute resolution, enforcement and compliance monitoring processes for their applicability in Nigeria. Benchmarks developed by the Australian government for Industry-Based Customer Dispute Resolution Schemes provide a suitable mechanism for evaluation.

This paper was accepted for publication in the journal Journal of Systems and Information Technology and the definitive published version is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/JSIT-04-2017-0027 ; Purpose - This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of a theory-driven realist evaluative research approach to better understand complex technology implementations in organisations. Approach – An institution wide e-learning implementation of Lecture Capture (LC), within a UK University, was chosen and a realist evaluation framework was used, tailored for educational technology. The research was conducted over 4, increasingly focused, evaluation cycles combining engagement analytics, user interviews and theory to refine what works (or does not work), for whom, in which contexts and why. Findings - Despite explicit demand and corresponding investment, overall student engagement is lower than expected. Increased student use appears linked to particular staff attitudes and behaviours and not to specific disciplines or course content. The main benefits of LC are; providing reassurance to the majority, aiding revision and understanding for the many, and enabling catch-up for the few. Recommendations for future research are based on some unexpected outcomes uncovered, including; evolving detrimental student behaviours, policy development based on technological determinism and future learner-centred system development for next-generation LC technologies. Practical implications – The realist approach taken, and evaluation framework used, can be adopted (and adapted) for future evaluative research. Domain specific reference models, categorizing people and technology, supported analysis across multiple contexts. Originality/value – This study responds to a call for more theory-based research in the field of educational technology. We demonstrate that a theory-driven approach provides real and practical recommendations for institutions and allows for greater insight into the political, economic and social complexity of technology implementation.