Suchergebnisse

NPS NRP Executive Summary ; Project Summary: This study was undertaken to assist Commander Logistics Force Western Pacific in understanding vulnerabilities in a supply chain that includes United States Naval Ship (USNS) ships, United States Navy (USN) ships, operating companies, civilian military unions, and a large contracting footprint in order to minimize operational risk to mission and optimize logistics resources and operations, while maintaining command and control (C2) of operational forces. The study included Red Teaming of current practices, distributed logistics, and optimized routing; supply chain management and the impact of reliability, availability, and maintainability on readiness; and social network analysis of the maritime logistics network in Western Pacific (WestPac) and a social media vulnerability assessment. An assessment was made of logistics risks associated with surge/peak demand at a single facility, and a prototype module was developed, as a proof-of-concept. This tool can be used to perform what-if analysis, in the evaluation of policy changes related to technology purchases, pre-positioning plans, or outsourcing decisions. The research constructed a discrete-time optimization model and used this model to analyze a variety of finite- duration operational scenarios. The model was also used to perform sensitivity analysis on various parameters of ship design, including amount of storage space for palletized cargo and the breakdown of the liquid capacity need for each type of fuel (JP5 and DFM). Sociograms were produced to depict the maritime logistics network and a separate assessment of social media vulnerabilities was provided. An interactive tool was developed to allow Task Force 73/Commander, Logistics Group Western Pacific (CTF-73) to further analyze aspects of the logistics network to include ships, ports, and loitering areas. ; Task Force SEVEN THREE, Logistics Group, Western Pacific ; USFF ; NPS-18-N077-A ; Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

Comunicació presentada a: IRCOBI Conference 2014, celebrada a Berlín, Alemanya, del 10 al 12 de setembre de 2014 ; National accident statistics in European countries as well as in many other countries are based on data recorded by the police. Generally, such data also include police reported estimates of the injury severity of accident victims. While the number of traffic fatalities is usually very reliable, information on the number of surviving casualties and the severity of their injuries is of a lesser quality. Latest policy approaches such as the EU Vision 2020, however, shift the focus from fatalities to the seriously injured. To formulate reasonable targets for reducing the number of persons seriously injured in traffic accidents, detailed information on the injury severity is needed for assessing the status quo as well as for monitoring the progress. Recent approaches to improve the data basis therefore call for a classification of injury severity using the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS). Serious injuries in terms of MAIS3+ are of particular concern. While there is currently no general agreement on how such data should be derived, different recommendations are available (see e.g. [1]). In this study an approach to combine Swiss national accident data and hospital data was explored [2]. AIS codes were derived based on available ICD data. Similar approaches were already performed in the past (e.g. [3‐ 5]), but are not available for standard use. This study thus highlights the need for international harmonisation of methods by which AIS data should be established if comparable data is to be obtained.

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a major risk factor of low back pain. It is defined by a progressive loss of the IVD structure and functionality, leading to severe impairments with restricted treatment options due to the highly demanding mechanical exposure of the IVD. Degenerative changes in the IVD usually increase with age but at an accelerated rate in some individuals. To understand the initiation and progression of this disease, it is crucial to identify key top-down and bottom-up regulations' processes, across the cell, tissue, and organ levels, in health and disease. Owing to unremitting investigation of experimental research, the comprehension of detailed cell signaling pathways and their effect on matrix turnover significantly rose. Likewise, in silico research substantially contributed to a holistic understanding of spatiotemporal effects and complex, multifactorial interactions within the IVD. Together with important achievements in the research of biomaterials, manifold promising approaches for regenerative treatment options were presented over the last years. This review provides an integrative analysis of the current knowledge about (1) the multiscale function and regulation of the IVD in health and disease, (2) the possible regenerative strategies, and (3) the in silico models that shall eventually support the development of advanced therapies ; M.N. acknowledges financial support from the German Research Foundation (DFG) via the scholarship "Forschungsstipendium" (PN: 387071423). L.G.A. acknowledges funding through the Operational Program Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation, under the call RESEARCH–CREATE–INNOVATE co-financed by the European Union and Greek national funds (Project Code: T1EDK-02829). K.W. acknowledges funding from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF PP00P2_163678/1). L.B., C.R.W., M.A.G.B., and J.N. acknowledge financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (HOLOA-DPI2016-80283-C2-1-R, RYC-2015-18888). L.B., C.L.M., C.R.W., L.G.A., M.A.G.B., and J.N. further acknowledge financial support from the European Commission (Disc4All-H2020-MSCA-ITN-ETN-2020 GA: 955735).