Suchergebnisse

The predominant method of recruiting subjects for behavioral research in university settings permits students to choose which experiments of many to participate in. When this method is used, the possibility of sampling bias arises because some students make their choices early and others
late in the term. This study identified several Q-types ("ideographic" patterns derived from Q-factor analysis) that varied substantially with regard to choice time and thus offered suggestive evidence for a bias thesis. It was recommended that prevalent subject recruitment policy
be changed so that experimenters can arrange appointments on a random basis.

The U.S. antitrust agencies' Horizontal Merger Guidelines are approaching their half century mark, having progressed through three earlier versions to their current 2010 form. Recent reports promote the contention that the enhanced sophistication and transparency of the newer versions have led to improved policy results. This study questions this conclusion by examining recent retrospective merger case evidence as well as agency policy and practices, in light of long-held Supreme Court dicta.

This study examined the psychometric properties of four indicators of mother-to-infant attachment. Observations were made on 200 maternity ward patients during an infant feeding period on the third day postpartum. The results suggested that a single dimension underlying all four indicators can account fairly well for the interindicator correlation matrix. The mean interindicator correlation was .43, implying a total scale interitem reliability of .75. The interrater reliability for a single rater was estimated to be .95. All four indicators, based on a five-point rating format, produced inverted J-shaped frequency distributions. Nontrivial structural differences, but only inconsequential elevational differences, were found in comparisons between primiparous and multiparous mothers, and between mothers with male infants and those with female infants. Of several background variables, working outside the home was the best predictor of optimal total scale scores. Given its favorable psychometric properties, and because it takes only up to five minutes to administer, the Maternal Behavior Inventory or MBI was recommended as a research tool in the study of mother-to-infant attachment, and as a possible predictor of children at risk.

We postulate a minimum of five group factors, each representing a specific content area or domain in which deception can be practised. Each group factor is determined by a general deception factor (delta) and a factor specific unto itself. The general factor favors greater sensitivity
in females while a given specific factor may favor one gender, the other, or neither. The distinction between contents in general (alpha/gamma) and style (attribution/denial) is blurred in that a given group factor may underlie any mixture of items varying across the four combinations
possible. We discuss the nature of delta in terms of genetic and environmental influences during early and later development.