Suchergebnisse

While the feminization of psychology seems remote, socially relevant research is relatively achievable. In the present paper, terminology is initially reviewed, and distinctions are drawn between concepts of sex, gender, and sexuality. Traditional areas of psychological activity in
relation to gender differences, gender identity, gender stereotypes, gender and sexuality are noted, and issues of social relevance are highlighted. Possibilities for socially relevant research include investigation of power differences, the subjective experience of oppression, objectification
of women's bodies, and the pattern of connections and disconnections between sex, gender, sexuality, and position on feminism.

The work of Broverman, Braverman, Clarkson, Rosenkrantz, & Vogel (1970) on gender and judgments of mental health was revisited with 75 student nurses. Health-illness differences were explored in addition to male-female-adult differences. The average age of students was 20.9 years,
and 89% were female. The results were different from those of Broverman and colleagues. Images of the healthy male, female, and generic adult were similar. Differences perceived overall between health and illness were more substantial than gender differences. Gender differences which
did occur reflected gender stereotypes, but were unflattering to masculinity. The image of the healthy generic adult had more in common with healthy femaleness than with healthy maleness. Possible explanations for the findings are presented.

The division of labor in mixed-gender households is discussed on the basis of stereotypical expectations, as well as time-use diary data. The stereotypes as generated by 210 adults, of average age 25 years, were consistent with reality, as depicted by the diary data from an independent
study. In both data sets, the image of the double shift emerged. Women were seen as doing most of the unpaid work, and tasks were gender-segregated. Expectations of women, reinforced by values and power differences, appear unchanged by women's increasing participation in paid labor. Social
policies which address women's experience of paid labor therefore need to address the division of unpaid labor. Equalising unpaid labor means mobilising men to become involved in essential, but unrewarded, tasks.