Suchergebnisse

Die Auswirkungen der Finanz- und Wirtschaftskrise sowie der europäischen Staatsschuldenkrise haben in den letzten drei Jahren zu einer Anlegerflucht in Sachwerte geführt. Die neue Wertschätzung des 'Betongolds' als Inflationsschutz, die historisch niedrigen Langfrist-Zinsen und die zuletzt wieder gute konjunkturelle Entwicklung haben dazu geführt, dass zahlreiche Privat-Anleger sich nach Immobilien-Eigentum umsehen. Zusätzlich entdecken auch institutionelle Investoren aus Mangel an Anlage-Alternativen den Wohnimmobilienmarkt neu. Insbesondere in den prosperierenden Großstädten Deutschlands haben diese Tatsachen zu einem hohen Nachfragedruck geführt. Doch das Angebot ist begrenzt. Preise und Mieten stiegen auch in Düsseldorf mitunter in den zweistelligen Prozentwert an. Das hat Folgen für die Stadtentwicklung: Die günstigen Renditeerwartungen im innenstädtischen und innenstadtnahen Hochpreissegment haben zu einer überproportionalen Verstärkung dieses Segments im Vergleich zum niedrigen und mittleren Segment geführt. Das Angebot profitiert dabei von der Reurbanisierung ressourcenstarker Bevölkerungsgruppen. Die angespannte Situation im unteren Mietwohnungssegment hat sich zugespitzt. Dort hält das Angebot am wenigsten mit dem Nachfragewachstum mit. Gerade in den gründerzeitlichen Trend-Vierteln haben diese Effekte die bereits vorhandenen Verdrängungsprozesse der Gentrification (spezifische sozioökonomische Umstrukturierungsprozesse in städtischen Wohngebieten) verstärkt. Es ist zu vermuten, dass auch die sozioräumliche Polarisierung zunehmen wird. Weniger wohlhabende Bürger und besonders Familien sind häufig gezwungen Düsseldorf zu verlassen und im Umland günstigeren Wohnraum nachzufragen. Diese neue Suburbanisierung erhöht den Druck auf die Umlandkommunen neue Flächen bereitzustellen, um vom Düsseldorfer Wachstum profitieren zu können. Zwischen den Umlandstädten existiert ein Konkurrenzkampf um die Neubürger der Region Düsseldorf. Raffael Beier wurde 1989 in Düsseldorf geboren. Nach seinem Abitur am Gymnasium Gerresheim in Düsseldorf zog es ihn 2009 nach Bochum, wo er seitdem Geographie an der Ruhr-Universität Bochum (RUB) studiert. Durch diverse anhaltende Tätigkeiten in seiner Heimatstadt blieb der Autor allerdings auch weiterhin eng vertraut mit der Stadtentwicklung der Landeshauptstadt Düsseldorf. 2012 wechselt er an der RUB nach absolviertem Bachelor-Studium in das Master-Studium mit der Vertiefungsrichtung Stadt- und Regionalentwicklungsmanagement.

AbstractSince the early 2000s, Morocco's government is running the Villes Sans Bidonville programme (VSBP) as a literal reference to international policy claims for Cities Without Slums. Initially and in contrast to past, unsuccessful attempts to eradicate the country's bidonvilles, more inclusive resettlement schemes – participatory and affordable for all – should help to avoid that residents resell resettlement housing and move back to bidonvilles. However, this article shows that with the advancement of VSBP, more recent resettlement has become authoritarian, exclusionary, and unaffordable again. Large numbers of low-income households of one of Rabat/Salé's last bidonvilles are effectively excluded from accessing resettlement housing, because they cannot afford the construction of a house on their assigned resettlement plot. For many, reselling their plot is the only option to access alternative housing after displacement. Building on narrative and biographic interviews with displaced former bidonville residents who are not living at the resettlement site, this article looks at how displaced bidonville dwellers cope with housing unaffordability. Where do people move why if affordable informal housing is demolished and state-subsidised alternatives are inaccessible? The results show how unaffordable resettlement schemes divide established bidonville communities, leaving the most vulnerable residents behind. Furthermore, they highlight people's severe constraints, struggles, and uncertainties in seeking to achieve decent residential stability outside stressful rental accommodation.

This article deals with methodological challenges and presents solutions for the study of people who depart from state-subsidized housing in Ethiopia, Morocco, and South Africa. Having sold or rented out their units, these people have left and now live at dispersed locations. Assuming that many "missing people" leave state housing because of project-related shortcomings, studying the reasons for their departure is crucial to understanding standardized housing programs. "Missing people" urge scholars to emphasize the afterlives of housing policy interventions as a necessary analytical dimension. However, such research is confronted with three major methodological challenges: How is it possible to approach and study people who have disappeared from the area of a housing intervention? How can one link exploratory, in-depth qualitative accounts, rooted in subjective perceptions of the everyday, to potential structural deficiencies of standardized housing interventions? What kind of methodologies may help take into account the temporalities of displacement and resettlement? In order to overcome these challenges, the article presents innovative forms of purposive sampling and discusses analytical strategies, which - based on Clapham's framework of "housing pathways" - bridge relational and structural perspectives to housing programs.

Emphasising implicit assumptions behind our ways of seeing 'slums', this essay calls for a radical understanding of 'ordinary neighbourhoods'. Borrowing from Robinson's 'ordinary cities' concept, it conceptualises 'ordinariness' as a way of rejecting the 'absolute otherness' of slums, stressing heterogeneity within and between neighbourhoods as well as the significance of comparative empirical research. Beyond the need for alternative, less stigmatised terms, the article urges for a new territorial ethics, a radical deconstruction and de-mystification of the 'slum'. Such conceptualisation should make aware of the term 'slum' as a non-physical, spatially detached social construct that discredits marginalised people and diverts attention away from precarious living conditions and possible ways of improving them.

AbstractIncreasingly, scholarly works challenge the formal/informal dichotomy, stressing the multiple political practices of producing informality which go beyond state incapacity. In contrast, this article addresses a lack of research concerning the production of 'formal' urban space through state‐led housing programmes. Deconstructing simplistic notions of state intentionality and incapacity, the article zooms in on competing interests and diverse resources, as well as the shifting power relations between multiple private, semi‐public and public actors which shape the production of 'formality'. Focusing on a shantytown resettlement programme in Casablanca, the article differentiates between visible informality and splintered informalities. The former relates to the prevailing clear‐cut and stereotypical dichotomy between formal and informal urban space which underpins the state's objective of eliminating the visible informality attached to Morocco's shantytowns. The latter is the result of a messy process of ensuring housing affordability through the so‐called third‐party scheme—a sites‐and‐services project based on small‐scale private investment and land speculation—once this objective is achieved. Characterized by heterogeneous actor constellations, opportunism and flexible regulatory practices, the scheme has not only capitalized but also individualized urban space. Instead of building new formal housing, the scheme has produced splintered informalities and created new uncertainties and arbitrariness beyond the control of a single actor.

Slums gelten als das Symbol der vermeintlich unterentwickelten und unkontrolliert wachsenden Megastädte des Globalen Südens. Die damit einhergehende Stigmatisierung von Slums hat nicht nur alltägliche Folgen für die Bewohner*innen, sondern hat spätestens im Zuge der Millennium-Entwicklungsziele auch zu einer Renaissance von Massenwohnungsbauprojekten, Verdrängungen und Umsiedlungen an den Stadtrand geführt. In Bezug auf Marokko zeigt der Artikel, inwieweit ein global verbreitetes, negatives Bild von Slums zu repressiven Wohnungspolitiken geführt hat. Aufbauend auf einer Haushaltsbefragung und qualitativen Interviews in einem sogenannten Slum in Casablanca dekonstruiert der Artikel bestehende Slum-Stigmata und zeigt, dass sich Slums nicht zwingend strukturell von anderen, gewöhnlichen Vierteln unterscheiden und maßgeblich durch Heterogenität gekennzeichnet sind. Als Konsequenz plädiert der Artikel dafür, Slums – analog zu Jennifer Robinsons Konzept der ordinary cities – als gewöhnliche Viertel zu bezeichnen und somit eine postkoloniale, empirisch-fundierte und vergleichend-analytische Sichtweise einzunehmen. ; Globally, slums have become the symbol of underdeveloped and fast-growing megacities of the Global South. The related stigmatisation of slums affects its inhabitants on a daily basis. Latest through the Millennium Development Goals, it has further provoked the renaissance of large-scale housing programmes, as well as displacement and resettlement of slum dwellers to urban margins. Focussing on Morocco, the article shows how a global negative image of slums has inspired new, repressive housing policies. The paper builds on an empirical case study from Casablanca, Morocco, including household surveys and qualitative interviews with residents. By deconstructing existing stigmas, the author argues that slums are heterogenous neighbourhoods that do not naturally differ from others. In conclusion, the paper advocates for an understanding of slums as ordinary neighbourhoods – similar to Jennifer Robinson's concept of ordinary cities – and, hence, calls for a postcolonial, empirical, and comparative perspective.

"Urban Resettlements in the Global South provides new perspectives on resettlement through an urban studies lens. To date, resettlement has been theorized through development studies and refugee studies, but urban resettlement is also a major dimension of urban development in the Global South and may help to rethink contemporary urban dynamics between spectacular new town developments and rising incidences of eviction and displacement. Conceptualising resettlement as a binding notion between production/regeneration and destruction/demolition of urban space helps to illuminate interdependencies and to underline significant ambiguities within affected people's perspectives towards resettlement projects. This volume will offer an interesting selection of ten different case studies with rich empirical data from Latin America, North and SubSaharan Africa, and Asia, focused on each stage of resettlement (before, during, after) through different timescales. By offering a frame for analysing and rethinking resettlement within urban studies, it will support any scholar or expert dealing with resettlement, displacement, and housing in an urban context, seeking to improve housing and planning policies in and for the city"--

The Everyday Life of Urban Inequality explores urban inequality through detailed case studies. By focusing on situated experiences of displacement, belonging, and difference, the contributors to this edited collection demonstrate the power of multidisciplinary ethnographic research to illustrate how inequalities affect city residents worldwide.