Suchergebnisse

"After the Great Financial Crisis economic theory was fiercely criticized from both outside and inside the discipline for being incapable of explaining a crisis of such magnitude. Slowly but persistently, new strands of economic thought are developing, to replace the old-fashioned neoclassical economic theory, which have a common characteristic: they are better suited to help understand the real-world economy. This book explores the key tenets and applications of these. The book opens with an explanation of the 'real world' approach to economics in which theoretical models resemble real world situations, realistic assumptions are made, and factors such as uncertainty, coordination problems and bounded rationality are incorporated. Additionally, the book explores the ramifications of considering the economy as both a dynamic system - with a past, present and future - as well as a complex one. These theoretical precepts of the real world economy are then applied to some of the most pressing economic issues facing the world today including ecological sustainability, the rise of corporate power, the growing dominance of the financial world, and rising unemployment, poverty and inequality. In each case, the book reveals the insights of the shortcomings of the neoclassical approach which fails to illuminate the complexities behind each issue. It is demonstrated that, by contrast, adopting an approach grounded in the real world has the power to produce policy proposals to help tackle these problems. This book is essential reading for anyone seeking a deeper understanding of the economy, including readers from economics and across the social sciences"--

"In the work of most classical economists - including Smith and Keynes - theory was often embedded in application. But from the second half of the last century on, mainstream economics styled itself as "pure" economics, where the theory is presented in a very abstract form detached from any application. This book maintains that economics is a social science whose mission is to explain and, when possible, predict, phenomena of the real-world economy. The book argues that the first step to restore economics as a social science is to define what issues economics should address. Only after this research agenda is established should the appropriate methodology be chosen, not the other way around. In this respect, examples from other social sciences as well as from natural sciences are considered more appropriate models for economics rather than physics. Moreover, the need for a closer interaction with psychology, sociology and other social sciences is required to restore the discipline to that field instead of acting as a branch of applied mathematics. The book also argues for a more pluralist approach to economic education to enable prospective economists to understand real-world economic phenomena and potential policy solution. For this reason, a good economics education should necessarily include the study of economic history and of the institutional environment. This book is essential reading for anyone who wants to see economics return to its origins as a social science"--

In the work of most classical economists - including Smith and Keynes - theory was often embedded in application. But from the second half of the last century on, mainstream economics styled itself as "pure" economics, where the theory is presented in a very abstract form detached from any application. This book maintains that economics is a social science whose mission is to explain and, when possible, predict, phenomena of the real-world economy. The book argues that the first step to restoring economics as a social science is to define what issues economics should address. Only after this research agenda is established should the appropriate methodology be chosen, not the other way around. In this respect, examples from other social sciences as well as from natural sciences are considered more appropriate models for economics rather than physics. Moreover, the need for a closer interaction with psychology, sociology and other social sciences is required to restore the discipline to that field instead of acting as a branch of applied mathematics. The book also argues for a more pluralist approach to economic education to enable prospective economists to understand real-world economic phenomena and potential policy solution. For this reason, a good economics education should necessarily include the study of economic history and of the institutional environment. This book is essential reading for anyone who wants to see economics return to its origins as a social science.

"The collapse of Lehman Brothers, the oldest and fourth-largest US investment bank, in September 2008 precipitated the global financial crisis. This deepened the contraction in economic activity that had already started in December 2007 and has become known as the Great Recession. Following a sluggish and uneven period of recovery, levels of private debt have recently been on the rise again making another financial crisis almost inevitable. This book answers the key question: can anything be done to prevent a new financial crisis or minimize its impact? The book opens with an analysis of the main elements responsible for the 2007/2009 financial crisis and assesses the extent to which they are still present in todays financial system. The responses to the financial crises - particularly the Dodd-Frank Act, the establishment of the Financial Stability Board, and attempts to regulate shadow banking - are evaluated for their effectiveness. It is found that there is a high risk of a new bubble developing, there remains a lack of transparency in the financial industry, and risk-taking continues to be incentivised among bankers and investors. Proposals are put forward to ameliorate the risks, arguing for the need for an international lender of last resort, recalling Keynes' idea for an International Clearing Union."

Complexity and economics / Victor A. Beker -- From complexity science to complexity economics / Ping Chen -- Categorical economic theory / Fernando Tohme and Marcelo Auday -- Microeconomics : is there a post Keynesian alternative? / Jordan Melmias -- Microeconomics in a complex social world / Michel Zouboulakis -- Teaching macroeconomics after the crisis / Irene van Staveren -- Asymmetric price adjustment and other issues in Keynesian macroeconomics / Victor A. Beker -- Understanding financialization : standing on the shoulders of Minsky / Charles Whale -- Ecological economics : redefining economics for democracy and sustainability / Peter Soderbaum -- Conclusions -- Index

Profesor Julio H. G. Olivera In Memoriam: Su contribución al pensamiento económico

Habitualmente, cuando se analiza el efecto que tiene la implantación de retenciones a las exportaciones se lo hace suponiendo implícitamente que existe un tipo de cambio fi jo. En esta nota se analiza el caso en que el tipo de cambio es fl exible. Se demuestra que la retención se traslada en mayor o menor medida al tipo de cambio. Solo en los casos extremos en que la demanda fuera infi nitamente elástica o que la oferta fuera perfectamente inelástica la retención recaerá totalmente sobre los oferentes.

Casi cien años después de la creación de la Caja de Conversión, la Argentina procedió a recrearla, precisamente cuando la gran mayoría de los países del mundo habían optado por regímenes de tipo de cambio más flexibles. A diferencia de lo ocurrido en el siglo XIX, en que el peso se fijaba en términos de oro, la moneda de referencia de la Convertibilidad fue el dólar estadounidense. El presente trabajo explora la naturaleza de este régimen, sus orígenes históricos, su funcionamiento en Argentina, las dificultades que implicó para el aparato productivo, y su traumático final.