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Subjects performed a 90-min. watchkeeping task requiring the detection of a plus sign which occasionally appeared in a matrix of solid circles. Independent variables were: (1) number of stimulus elements in the display; (2) location of those elements relative to the strong contours produced by the physical boundary of the viewing field; and (3) distance of the observer from the display. Average detection time for successive 100-trial blocks revealed the commonly observed vigilance decrement. Detection times were consistently shorter when a wider expanse of surround separated the stimulus array and the physical boundary of the display. They were not influenced by either stimulus density or viewing distance. Accuracy of response was found to deteriorate with an increase in stimulus density but was unaffected by the proximity of the display contours to the stimulus array or, again, by viewing distance.

Background: Genes associated with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) predisposition have been shown to play a role in pancreatic cancer susceptibility. Growing evidence suggests that pancreatic cancer may be useful as a sentinel cancer to identify families that could benefit from HBOC or CRC surveillance, but to date pancreatic cancer is only considered an indication for genetic testing in the context of additional family history. Methods: Preliminary data generated at the Huntsman Cancer Hospital (HCH) included variants identified on a custom 34-gene panel or 59-gene panel including both known HBOC and CRC genes for respective sets of 66 and 147 pancreatic cancer cases, unselected for family history. Given the strength of preliminary data and corresponding literature, 61 sequential pancreatic cancer cases underwent a custom 14-gene clinical panel. Sequencing data from HCH pancreatic cancer cases, pancreatic cancer cases of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and an unselected pancreatic cancer screen from the Mayo Clinic were combined in a meta-analysis to estimate the proportion of carriers with pathogenic and high probability of pathogenic variants of uncertain significance (HiP-VUS). Results: Approximately 8.6% of unselected pancreatic cancer cases at the HCH carried a variant with potential HBOC or CRC screening recommendations. A meta-analysis of unselected pancreatic cancer cases revealed that approximately 11.5% carry a pathogenic variant or HiP-VUS. Conclusion: With the inclusion of both HBOC and CRC susceptibility genes in a panel test, unselected pancreatic cancer cases act as a useful sentinel cancer to identify asymptomatic at-risk relatives who could benefit from relevant HBOC and CRC surveillance measures. ; United States National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Cancer Institute (NCI) [R01CA164138]; NCI [P30CA042014]; Utah Genome Project; Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) for the CIHR Team in Familial Risks of Breast Cancer program; Government of Canada through Genome Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Ministere de l'enseignement superieur, de la recherche, de la science, et de la technologie du Quebec through Genome Quebec; NIH NCI Cancer Center Support Grant [P30CA042014]; Huntsman Cancer Foundation; National Human Genome Research Institute [T32HG008962] ; Open access journal. ; This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.