Suchergebnisse

Applicative researches in the field of environmental protection like X-ray fluorescence analysis, neutron activation analysis, and other methods, present real increasing importance related to the climate changes that can be observed nowadays. Scientific methods will enter step by step in our life, first of all, due to the accelerated technological development and due to the objective motivations of environmental monitoring necessary to take correct measures for the preservation and protection of nature on the Earth. Determination of some inorganic components, mainly heavy metals, in agricultural crops, is frequently required in health-related environmental studies, due to the high toxicity of trace amounts of such elements for the human organism. The main sources of trace elements to agricrops are their growing media, as soil-water-air ecosystem from which those nutrients are taken up by the root to the foliage. The goal of the present research was to determine the extent to which industrial inorganic pollutants are transferred to the crops. It was achieved by using multielement techniques as photon neutron activation method and X-ray fluorescence methods and statistical modeling in order to determine levels, pathways, and fate of toxic and non-toxic bioactive elements in selected agricrops along with the root soil. Some of the experimental trace metal values exceeded the threshold established by Romanian and EU regulations to protect vegetation and explain the estimated significant crop losses. Multivariate modeling by factor analysis and neural network simulation of the elemental concentration data showed always the component loaded with specific elements coming from industrial emissions. These kinds of studies are very requested regarding the vegetable meant for the human diet.

The Crisuri Basin, with its total length of 1093 km (among which 670 km in Romania), is subjected to an effective environmental monitoring system consisting of 18 water stations network. Their integrated information is used for the water assessment problem to understand the biogeochemical processes leading to significant pollution levels in some running water sectors. The goal of this research is to predict the most important factors causing the change of the geochemical measured parameters of some components of the Crisuri water resources. In the present paper, we developed a multivariate statistical model to estimate the spatiotemporal distribution of heavy metals in the field and to identify the contamination sources of Basin River waters. Two methods were deployed as an overall approach to fulfill the proposed objectives, namely the photoneutron activation analysis followed by high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometry and the multivariate statistical analysis. The elements analyzed by different analytical techniques and introduced in databases were As, Cd, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Hg, Na, Ni, Pb, Zn, N-NH4, N-NO2, N-NO3, P-PO4, fixed residues, S-SO4, Cl, phenols and, additional oil compounds. By combining the spatially distributed geochemical data on trace heavy metals with the spatially distributed geophysical data, we obtained the most significant fingerprint factors and their associated uncertainty information concerning the water quality.