Suchergebnisse

This study analyses the situation of the Brazilian population vis-à-vis the Social Security System (SSS) using data from PNAD. We chose the 1982, 1992 and 2002 PNAD data to give a series of pictures of the Brazilian population at equal intervals but under different legal instances with respect to the implementation of Social Security legislation. Special attention is given to poverty alleviation and to the impact of some alternatives among the many that may be considered in an eventual reform of the Brazilian SSS. In the simulations the alternative of postponing the eligibility age has had the greatest effect, mainly when one considers the age of 65, which would be the equivalent of eliminating length-of-service retirement. Age testing is also effective for survivor's benefit recipients. Eliminating multiple benefits, though not impressive when figures are in question, is progressive in nature and therefore an alternative to be considered.

En este trabajo se analiza la evolución de los años de vida perdidos (AVP) de la población joven y adulta en Brasil según grandes grupos de causas y diversas divisiones geográficas a lo largo de un cuarto de siglo (1980 a 2005). La característica más sobresaliente de los avp es el aumento de la brecha de género en las causas violentas: los valores más elevados corresponden a la población masculina, y en vez de una esperada reducción se observa en los hombres un crecimiento de los avp originados por causas externas. Son de llamar la atención los elevados valores de las muertes por causas violentas en los jóvenes de 15 a 24 años, vulnerabilidad que continúa aumentando más allá del periodo de estudio.AbstractThis research analyzes the evolution of years of life lost (YLL) for young and adult Brazilian population by causes of death and geographical areas, as well as by gender and age-groups during 25 years: from 1980 to 2005. The most striking characteristic of the results of YLL is the widening gender gap: much larger figures for males than for females for violent causes. For males it is also noticeable a steady increase of the indicator driven by external causes. Young adults are especially vulnerable to death by violent causes, with large figures and a positive trend.

This paper presents a summarized picture of the Brazilian Social Insurance System, both in terms of the system that cover workers in private sector - Regime Geral de Previdência Social (RGPS) (General Regime for Social Security) - and in terms of the various systems that cover public servants hired under the civil service unified regime - Regime Jurídico Único (RJU) (Pension Regime for Government Workers). After a brief analysis of its historical evolution, a diagnosis of the current situation will be presented. Finally, the various reforms are evaluated in terms of their economic impact for the 2000-2030 time horizon. The conclusion is that, despite substantial deficit reductions, further reforms are crucial to restore equilibrium.

This paper analyses the situation of the Brazilian population disaggregated by urban/rural condition with respect to Social Insurance and Social Assistance with emphasis on recent changes. It starts with a historical overview of the system, but concentrates on new provisions mandated by the 1988 Constitution. The 1988 Constitution defined new rules with regard to eligibility conditions and benefit values for both the rural and urban population. But it was only in July 1991, with Law 8213, that these changes were fully implemented. We compare, by sex and individual age, activity rates and probability of receiving benefits, before and after the changes in legislation for the urban and rural population. For the urban population we take into consideration the formalization of work ties. We compare, also in two instances in time, family structure and the importance of the income of the elderly in the family budget.

This paper deals with Rio Grande do Sul State public servants retirement system. As most of Brazilian state and local governments, Rio Grande do Sul is facing a serious economic problem with very fast growing expenditures with retirement and survivors benefits for its public servants. The paper gives a brief description of the present situation, followed by a 30 year forecast of future economic behavior. Several possible alternatives are then outlined and evaluated.