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"This co-authored book critically reviews existing literature on school resource officer (SRO) programs and presents a thorough evaluation of an SRO program offered by Peel Regional Police in Ontario, Canada. The implementation of a school resource officer (SRO) program is a controversial response to school violence and safety issues. While some call for an increased use of police in schools, others are pushing to remove police from schools, or at least to end their involvement in routine discipline. Though many SRO programs exist around the world, little systematic research has been conducted on the topic. The study reported in this book represents the largest and most comprehensive assessment of such programs to date. The research by Duxbury and Bennell indicates that SRO programs can provide real value for students, school staff, policing organizations, and society, but benefits rely on having programs that are well-designed, that the right officers are selected for SRO roles, and that the initiative has support from major stakeholders. Given the current conversations regarding the costs and benefits of having police officers in schools, there is a clear need to determine the value that investment in these types of proactive policing programs creates. The book provides researchers, SROs, police agencies, school boards, school administrators, teachers, parents, and students with information about: the activities that SROs are involved in, how SROs can collaborate with schools to create safe learning environments, and whether (and how) such programs benefit the police, schools, students, and society. Easy-to-digest charts facilitate understanding, and anonymized reflections from SROs, school staff, and students are presented throughout the book to provide context"--

1. Introduction : time to consolidate and reflect / Jessica Woodhams and Craig Bennell -- 2. Consistency and distinctiveness of criminal behavior / Jessica Woodhams and Craig Bennell -- 3. Sex crime linkage : sexual fantasy and offense plasticity / Dion Gee and Aleksandra Belofastov -- 4. The effect of mental disorder on crime scene behavior, its consistency, and variability / Jessica Woodhams and Kinga Komarzynska -- 5. Linking crimes with spatial behavior : a need to tackle some remaining methodological concerns / Brent Snook, Kirk Luther, and Sarah Macdonald -- 6. Testing the theories underpinning crime linkage / Matthew Tonkin -- 7. A cross-national comparison of behavioral consistency in serial homicide / C. Gabrielle Salfati -- 8. A practitioner's perspective : theory, practice, and research / Lee Rainbow -- 9. The use of linkage analysis evidence in serial offense trials / Gerard Labuschagne -- 10. Crime linkage as expert evidence : making a case for the / Daubert standard / Tom Pakkanen, Pekka Santtila, and Dario Bosco -- 11. The ability of human judges to link crimes using behavioral information : current knowledge and unresolved issues / Rebecca Mugford and Melissa Martineau -- 12. Extending crime linkage to versatile offenders / Matthew Tonkin -- 13. Exploring if (situation). then (behavior) contingencies in interpersonal crimes / Jan M. Winter -- 14. Informing practice : research methods in crime linkage analysis / Craig Bennell, Alasdair M. Goodwill, and Annie Chinneck -- 15. Crime linkage research : where to from here? / Craig Bennell and Jessica Woodhams.

Intro -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- About the Editors -- About the Authors -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- References -- Part I: Suspect Prioritization and Identification Techniques -- Chapter 2: Sexual Crime Investigation and Offender's Decision-Making: Rationality, Achievement, and Expertise -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Rational Choice Theory (RCT) -- 2.2.1 Criminal Achievement -- 2.2.2 Criminal Expertise -- 2.3 Conclusion and Future Directions -- References -- Chapter 3: Psychological Profiling and Sex Offenders: A Review of the Research and Recommendations for Police Investigations -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Offender Profiling -- 3.2.1 Offender Profiles for Sex Offenses -- 3.2.2 Offender Profiles for Sexual Homicide -- 3.2.3 Offender Profiles for Sexual Assault -- 3.3 Conclusion and Future Directions -- References -- Recommended Readings -- Chapter 4: The Modus via of Sex Offenders and the Use of Geographical Offender Profiling in Sex Crime Cases -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Sex Offenders, Location Choice, and Spatial Behavior -- 4.2.1 The Geography of Crime -- 4.3 When Geographical Offender Profiling Works -- 4.3.1 Considerations Before Geographically Profiling an Offender -- 4.3.1.1 Offender Conditions -- 4.3.1.2 Situational Context Conditions -- 4.4 Geographically Profiling an Offender -- 4.5 Investigative Use of the Geographical Behavioral Analysis -- 4.6 Conclusion and Future Directions -- References -- Chapter 5: The Use of Crime Linkage in Sexual Offense Cases -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Crime Linkage Theory and Sexual Offenses -- 5.2.1 Gaps in Empirically-Derived Knowledge -- 5.2.2 Crime Linkage Practice and Sexual Offenses -- 5.2.3 The Factors Affecting the Practice of Crime Linkage -- 5.2.4 Future Directions for Research into Crime Linkage Practice -- 5.3 Conclusion and Future Directions -- References.

We conducted a narrative review of existing literature to identify the knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) necessary for officers who police in democratic societies to successfully manage potentially volatile police–public interactions. This review revealed 10 such KSAs that are frequently discussed in the literature. These KSAs include: (1) knowledge of policies and laws; (2) an understanding of mental health-related issues; (3) an ability to interact effectively with, and show respect for, individuals from diverse community groups; (4) awareness and management of stress effects; (5) communication skills; (6) decision-making and problem-solving skills; (7) perceptual skills; (8) motor skills related to use-of-force; (9) emotion and behavior regulation; and (10) an ability to treat people in a procedurally just manner. Following our review, we conducted semi-structured interviews (N = 7) with researchers who specialize in police training and adult education, interactions with individuals in crisis, and racialized policing, as well as two police trainers with expertise in de-escalation and use-of-force training. These interviews confirmed the importance of the 10 KSAs and highlighted two additional KSAs that are likely to be critical: understanding the role of policing in a free and democratic society and tactical knowledge and skills. To ensure that police–public interactions are managed effectively, police trainers may want to focus on the development and evaluation of these KSAs—something that is not always done currently.

Crime research has grown substantially over the past decade, with a rise in evidence-informed approaches to criminal justice, statistics-driven decision-making and predictive analytics. The fuel that has driven this growth is data – and one of its most pressing challenges - is the lack of research on the use and interpretation of data sources. This accessible, engaging book closes that gap for researchers, practitioners and students. International researchers and crime analysts discuss the strengths, perils and opportunities of the data sources and tools now available and their best use in informing sound public policy and criminal justice practice